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INFRARED ECLIPSES OF THE STRONGLY IRRADIATED PLANET WASP-33b, AND OSCILLATIONS OF ITS HOST STAR

机译:WASP-33b辐照后的红外星相及其宿星的振荡

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We observe two secondary eclipses of the strongly irradiated transiting planet WASP-33b, in the Ks band at 2.15 μm, and one secondary eclipse each at 3.6 μm and 4.5 μm using Warm Spitzer. This planet orbits an A5V δ-Scuti star that is known to exhibit low-amplitude non-radial p-mode oscillations at about 0.1% semi-amplitude. We detect stellar oscillations in all of our infrared eclipse data, and also in one night of observations at J band (1.25 μm) out of eclipse. The oscillation amplitude, in all infrared bands except Ks , is about the same as in the optical. However, the stellar oscillations in Ks band (2.15 μm) have about twice the amplitude (0.2%) as seen in the optical, possibly because the Brackett-γ line falls in this bandpass. As regards the exoplanetary eclipse, we use our best-fit values for the eclipse depth, as well as the 0.9 μm eclipse observed by Smith et al., to explore possible states of the exoplanetary atmosphere, based on the method of Madhusudhan & Seager. On this basis we find two possible states for the atmospheric structure of WASP-33b. One possibility is a non-inverted temperature structure in spite of the strong irradiance, but this model requires an enhanced carbon abundance (C/O 1). The alternative model has solar composition, but an inverted temperature structure. Spectroscopy of the planet at secondary eclipse, using a spectral resolution that can resolve the water vapor band structure, should be able to break the degeneracy between these very different possible states of the exoplanetary atmosphere. However, both of those model atmospheres absorb nearly all of the stellar irradiance with minimal longitudinal re-distribution of energy, strengthening the hypothesis of Cowan & Agol that the most strongly irradiated planets circulate energy poorly. Our measurement of the central phase of the eclipse yields ecos ω = 0.0003 ± 0.00013, which we regard as being consistent with a circular orbit.
机译:我们使用Warm Spitzer观测到在Ks波段2.15μm处强辐射的过渡行星WASP-33b的两个次蚀,以及一个分别在3.6μm和4.5μm处的二次蚀。这颗行星绕着一颗A5Vδ-Scuti星运行,该星已知以低振幅的0.1%半振幅表现出低振幅的非径向p模式振荡。我们在所有的日食数据中以及在日食J波段(1.25μm)的一晚观测中都检测到了恒星振荡。在除Ks之外的所有红外波段中,振荡幅度与光学器件中的大致相同。但是,Ks波段(2.15μm)中的恒星振荡具有大约两倍于光学上的振幅(0.2%),这可能是因为Brackett-γ线落在该带通中。关于系外月食,我们使用Madhusudhan&Seager的方法,使用最合适的月食深度值以及Smith等人观察到的0.9μm食来探索系外大气的可能状态。在此基础上,我们发现了WASP-33b大气结构的两种可能状态。尽管有很强的辐照度,但一种可能的方法是保持温度结构不变,但是该模型需要增强的碳丰度(C / O> 1)。替代模型具有太阳组成,但温度结构是倒置的。使用可以解决水蒸气能带结构的光谱分辨率,在次蚀时对行星进行光谱学分析,应该能够打破系外行星大气在这些非常不同的可能状态之间的退化。但是,这两种模式大气都吸收了几乎所有的恒星辐照度,并且能量的纵向重新分布极少,从而强化了Cowan&Agol的假设,即最强辐照的行星循环能量差。我们对日食中心相的测量得出ecosω= 0.0003±0.00013,我们认为这与圆形轨道一致。

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