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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Clinical Microbiology >Smallpox: Residual Antibody after Vaccination
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Smallpox: Residual Antibody after Vaccination

机译：天花：疫苗接种后的残留抗体

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Of all the microorganisms and toxins, poxviruses (Orthopoxvirus) have the greatest potential for use by terrorists. These viruses can spread rapidly through the environment following initial infection. In 1980, the World Health Organization Eradication Program discontinued vaccination for smallpox and declared that the disease had been eliminated. With the threat of smallpox virus as a bioterrorism weapon, questions have been asked about the persistence of protection (as offered by antibodies) following vaccination with vaccinia virus vaccine. To address this, sera from 204 adults vaccinated as children were tested by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for the presence of vaccinia virus antibody. Of the 204 individuals whose sera were examined for the presence of vaccinia antibody, 165 (80.9%) had been vaccinated once and 39 (19.1%) had been vaccinated at least twice. Of the 165 sera from individuals vaccinated once, 112 (67.9%) were positive. Of the 39 sera from individuals vaccinated more than once, 31 (79.5%) were positive. The presence of a vaccination scar at the time of blood collection was not determined. Fifty-six nonvaccinated individuals, under 30 years of age, were tested by EIA; four of these (7.1%) were positive for vaccinia virus antibody by EIA. Forty-four EIA-positive and 16 EIA-negative sera were also tested by serum neutralization (SN) as a comparison with the EIA test results; one serum (negative by EIA) was SN positive. No attempt was made to ascertain any demographics other than age (date of birth) and “remembered” times of vaccination.
机译：在所有微生物和毒素中，痘病毒（正痘病毒）具有被恐怖分子利用的最大潜力。最初感染后，这些病毒可以在环境中迅速传播。 1980年，世界卫生组织根除计划终止了天花疫苗的接种，并宣布该疾病已消除。随着天花病毒作为一种生物恐怖主义武器的威胁，有人问了有关接种痘苗病毒疫苗后保护的持久性（由抗体提供）的问题。为了解决这个问题，通过酶免疫法（EIA）检测了204名儿童接种的成人血清中牛痘病毒抗体的存在。在检查其血清中是否存在牛痘抗体的204位个体中，有165人（80.9％）已经接种了一次疫苗，有39人（19.1％）已经接种了至少两次。接种过165个人的血清中，有112个人（67.9％）为阳性。接受过一次以上疫苗接种的39个血清中，有31个（79.5％）呈阳性。未确定采血时疫苗接种疤痕的存在。 EIA对56名30岁以下未接种疫苗的个体进行了EIA测试;其中有四个（7.1％）的EIA痘苗病毒抗体呈阳性反应。还通过血清中和（SN）测试了44个EIA阳性和16个EIA阴性血清，以与EIA测试结果进行比较;一种血清（EIA阴性）为SN阳性。除年龄（出生日期）和“记住”的疫苗接种时间外，未尝试确定其他任何人口统计信息。

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