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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of bacteriology >The Genome of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, the Causative Agent of Swine Erysipelas, Reveals New Insights into the Evolution of Firmicutes and the Organism's Intracellular Adaptations
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The Genome of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, the Causative Agent of Swine Erysipelas, Reveals New Insights into the Evolution of Firmicutes and the Organism's Intracellular Adaptations

机译：猪丹毒的病原体-猪丹毒丝菌的基因组揭示了对硬毛虫进化和生物体细胞内适应的新见解。

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Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is a Gram-positive bacterium that represents a new class, Erysipelotrichia, in the phylum Firmicutes. The organism is a facultative intracellular pathogen that causes swine erysipelas, as well as a variety of diseases in many animals. Here, we report the first complete genome sequence analysis of a member of the class Erysipelotrichia. The E. rhusiopathiae genome (1,787,941 bp) is one of the smallest genomes in the phylum Firmicutes. Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene and 31 universal protein families suggest that E. rhusiopathiae is phylogenetically close to Mollicutes, which comprises Mycoplasma species. Genome analyses show that the overall features of the E. rhusiopathiae genome are similar to those of other Gram-positive bacteria; it possesses a complete set of peptidoglycan biosynthesis genes, two-component regulatory systems, and various cell wall-associated virulence factors, including a capsule and adhesins. However, it lacks many orthologous genes for the biosynthesis of wall teichoic acids (WTA) and lipoteichoic acids (LTA) and the dltABCD operon, which is responsible for d-alanine incorporation into WTA and LTA, suggesting that the organism has an atypical cell wall. In addition, like Mollicutes, its genome shows a complete loss of fatty acid biosynthesis pathways and lacks the genes for the biosynthesis of many amino acids, cofactors, and vitamins, indicating reductive genome evolution. The genome encodes nine antioxidant factors and nine phospholipases, which facilitate intracellular survival in phagocytes. Thus, the E. rhusiopathiae genome represents evolutionary traits of both Firmicutes and Mollicutes and provides new insights into its evolutionary adaptations for intracellular survival.
机译：Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae是革兰氏阳性细菌，代表Firmicutes门上的新类Erysipelotrichia。该生物体是一种兼性的细胞内病原体，可引起猪丹毒和许多动物的多种疾病。在这里，我们报告了类红藻类成员的第一个完整的基因组序列分析。大肠埃希氏菌基因组（1,787,941 bp）是Firmicutes门中最小的基因组之一。基于16S rRNA基因和31个通用蛋白家族的系统发育分析表明，风湿性大肠杆菌在系统发育上接近于包含支原体物种的Mollicutes。基因组分析表明，风湿性大肠杆菌病基因组的总体特征与其他革兰氏阳性细菌相似。它拥有一套完整的肽聚糖生物合成基因，两组分调节系统以及各种与细胞壁相关的毒力因子，包括胶囊和粘附素。但是，它缺乏许多壁上壁chochochoic酸（WTA）和脂磷壁酸（LTA）和dltABCD操纵子的生物合成直系同源基因，后者负责将d-丙氨酸掺入WTA和LTA，这表明该生物体具有非典型的细胞壁。 。此外，像Mollicutes一样，其基因组显示出脂肪酸生物合成途径的完全丧失，并且缺乏用于许多氨基酸，辅因子和维生素的生物合成的基因，表明还原性基因组进化。基因组编码九种抗氧化因子和九种磷脂酶，可促进吞噬细胞的细胞内存活。因此，大肠埃希氏菌基因组代表了Firmicutes和Mollicutes的进化特征，并为其细胞内生存的进化适应提供了新的见解。

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