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首页> 外文期刊>Bulletin of the American Physical Society >APS -Annual Meeting of the APS Four Corners Section- Event - Ultrastable silicon cavity at 4 K using a continuously-operating closed-cycle cryostat
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APS -Annual Meeting of the APS Four Corners Section- Event - Ultrastable silicon cavity at 4 K using a continuously-operating closed-cycle cryostat

机译：APS-APS四个角部分的年度会议-活动-使用连续工作的闭环低温恒温器在4 K时超稳定的硅腔

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摘要

Ongoing advances in ultrastable lasers drive further development of the optical atomic clock. Currently, the most stable lasers are based on silicon cavities that are cooled to 124 K. The stability of these lasers is limited by the composite thermal noise of the coatings, substrates, and spacer. To further improve the stability of these lasers to a level comparable to the natural linewidth of state-of-the-art clock transitions, silicon cavities will need to be cooled to lower temperatures. Two major obstacles to operating at low temperatures are the vibration noise and temperature fluctuations of the closed-cycle cryostat, which can produce noise substantially above the thermal noise floor. We overcome these limitations with a custom-designed cryostat that cools the cavity to 4 K while simultaneously suppressing temperature fluctuations and vibration noise below the thermal noise floor of $6 imes 10^{-17}$. The closed-cycle cryostat also offers continuous cooling, removing the need for cryogen refilling. We demonstrate a $1 imes 10^{-16}$ stability from .06 to 100 s and a linewidth of 17 mHz at 1542 nm. This represents a tenfold improvement in short-term stability and a $10^4$ improvement in linewidth over past low-temperature results.
机译：超稳定激光器的不断发展推动了光学原子钟的进一步发展。当前，最稳定的激光器基于冷却至124 K的硅腔。这些激光器的稳定性受到涂层，基底和垫片的复合热噪声的限制。为了将这些激光器的稳定性进一步提高到与最新时钟转换的自然线宽相当的水平，需要将硅腔冷却至更低的温度。在低温下运行的两个主要障碍是闭环低温恒温器的振动噪声和温度波动，这可能会产生明显高于热噪声本底的噪声。我们通过定制设计的低温恒温器克服了这些限制，该恒温器将腔体冷却至4 K，同时将温度波动和振动噪声抑制在低于6美元imes 10 ^ {-17} $的热噪声基底以下。闭路低温恒温器还提供连续冷却，无需再填充制冷剂。我们展示了从.06到100 s的$ 1 imes 10 ^ {-16} $稳定性和在1542 nm处的线宽为17 mHz。与过去的低温结果相比，这表示短期稳定性提高了十倍，线宽提高了10 ^ 4 $。

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