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首页> 外文期刊>BMC Ecology >Shell resource partitioning as a mechanism of coexistence in two co-occurring terrestrial hermit crab species
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Shell resource partitioning as a mechanism of coexistence in two co-occurring terrestrial hermit crab species

机译：Shell资源分区作为两个共同发生的陆地隐士蟹种共存的机制

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Coexistence is enabled by ecological differentiation of the co-occurring species. One possible mechanism thereby is resource partitioning, where each species utilizes a distinct subset of the most limited resource. This resource partitioning is difficult to investigate using empirical research in nature, as only few species are primarily limited by solely one resource, rather than a combination of multiple factors. One exception are the shell-dwelling hermit crabs, which are known to be limited under natural conditions and in suitable habitats primarily by the availability of gastropod shells. In the present study, we used two co-occurring terrestrial hermit crab species, Coenobita rugosus and C. perlatus, to investigate how resource partitioning is realized in nature and whether it could be a driver of coexistence. Field sampling of eleven separated hermit crab populations showed that the two co-occurring hermit crab species inhabit the same beach habitat but utilize a distinct subset of the shell resource. Preference experiments and principal component analysis of the shell morphometric data thereby revealed that the observed utilization patterns arise out of different intrinsic preferences towards two distinct shell shapes. While C. rugosus displayed a preference towards a short and globose shell morphology, C. perlatus showed preferences towards an elongated shell morphology with narrow aperture. The two terrestrial hermit crab species occur in the same habitat but have evolved different preferences towards distinct subsets of the limiting shell resource. Resource partitioning might therefore be the main driver of their ecological differentiation, which ultimately allowed these co-occurring species to coexist in their environment. As the preferred shell morphology of C. rugosus maximizes reproductive output at the expense of protection, while the preferred shell morphology of C. perlatus maximizes protection against predation at the expense of reproductive output, shell resource partitioning might reflect different strategies to respond to the same set of selective pressures occurring in beach habitats. This work offers empirical support for the competitive exclusion principle-hypothesis and demonstrates that hermit crabs are an ideal model organism to investigate resource partitioning in natural populations.
机译：通过共同发生的物种的生态分化来实现共存。因此，一种可能的机制是资源分区，其中每个物种利用最有限资源的不同子集。这种资源分区难以在自然界中使用实证研究来调查，因为只有少数物种主要受到一种资源，而不是多种因素的组合。一个例外是贝壳居住的隐士蟹，已知在自然条件下有限，并且主要通过胃食不可壳的可用性受到适当的栖息地。在本研究中，我们使用了两个共同发生的陆地隐士蟹种，Coenobita rugosus和C. perlatus，调查资源分区如何在自然界中实现，以及它是否可能是共存的驾驶员。 Eleven Permated Hermit Crab种群的田间抽样表明，两种共同发生的隐士蟹类居住在同一海滩栖息地，但利用了壳牌资源的不同子集。因此，壳体形态数据的偏好实验和主成分分析，从而显示观察到的利用模式从朝向两个不同的壳体形状出现不同的内在偏好。虽然C.Rugosus展示了朝着短暂和球状壳形态的偏好，C. perlatus显示出朝向细长壳体形态的偏好。这两个陆地隐士蟹类在相同的栖息地发生但是对限制壳资源的不同子集进行了不同的偏好。因此，资源分区可能是其生态分化的主要驱动因素，这最终允许这些共同发生的物种在其环境中共存。作为C的首选壳体形态。藤病毒以牺牲保护的牺牲最大化生殖产出，而C. perlatus的首选壳体形态最大限度地提高了对生殖输出的牺牲品的保护，壳牌资源分区可能反映出不同的策略来响应相同的策略在海滩栖所的选择性压力套。这项工作为竞争排斥原则假设提供了实证支持，并表明隐士螃蟹是一种理想的模型生物，可以调查自然群体中的资源分区。

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