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Value and feasibility of South-South Medical Elective Exchanges in Africa

机译：南南医学选修交流的价值与可行性

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An elective is part of the curriculum where students have the flexibility to choose both the study topic and location. International medical electives are a well-established part of curricula at most medical schools in high-income countries. They are highly valued by students and have proven educational benefits, though do come with challenges, such as lack of reciprocity. Low and middle-income countries frequently host students from high-income countries providing learning opportunities, yet also carry the burden of supervision and resource consumption, whilst their students get few elective opportunities. This study explores the value and feasibility of South-South Medical Elective Exchanges (SSMEE), which creates elective opportunities for African medical students in other African countries to create reciprocity within the elective system. A qualitative evaluation of the South-South Medical Elective Exchanges was conducted using a case study approach. Four African medical schools, College of Medicine, Malawi; University of Rwanda, Rwanda; University of Witwatersrand, South Africa and Makerere University, Uganda participated in the pilot study in 2017/18. Each institution selected two students to participate in a four-week elective to another participating institute. Participating students completed a pre-elective questionnaire and a post-elective interview exploring expectations, learning outcomes, challenges and how they are applying this learning. Data was analysed thematically. Data presented is from six of the eight participating students. All students found the elective a valuable experience and learning was demonstrated in four key areas: clinical knowledge and skills; attitudes; personal and professional development and global perspectives. For some, it challenged their assumptions of what an elective is because valuable learning can be achieved whilst remaining in Africa. The main challenge found related to funding the elective. The SSMEE model is feasible and provides valuable learning for participating students and their peers/colleagues. Financing electives remains the biggest challenge. Since this pilot study, SSMEE has become part of a regional elective exchange network in Africa with an additional four institutions in three other countries. As such SSMEE has resulted in increased opportunities for African medical students and better educational outcomes that are likely to have a positive effect on healthcare systems in Africa.
机译：选修课是课程的一部分，学生可以灵活地选择研究主题和位置。国际医疗选修课是高收入国家最多的医学院课程的成熟部分。他们受到学生的高度重视，并经过验证的教育利益，尽管有挑战，如缺乏互惠性。低收入和中等收入国家经常来自高收入国家的学生提供学习机会，但也承担了监督和资源消耗的负担，同时他们的学生们很少的选修机会。本研究探讨了南南医学选修交流（SSMEE）的价值和可行性，这为非洲国家的非洲医学生创造了选修机会，以在选修体系中创造互惠。使用案例研究方法进行了对南南医学选修交流的定性评估。马拉维医学院四所非洲医学院;卢旺达大学;乌干达南非和马卡雷斯大学南非和马卡雷斯大学大学参加了2017/18年的试点研究。每个机构选择了两个学生参加了一个为另一个参与研究所的为期四周的选修课。参与学生完成了选修课问卷和选择后的采访，探索期望，学习成果，挑战以及他们正在应用这种学习的程度。数据是在主题上进行分析的。提出的数据来自八名参与学生中的六名。所有学生发现选修课是在四个关键领域展示了有价值的经验和学习：临床知识和技能;态度;个人和专业发展和全球视角。对于一些人来说，它挑战了选修课的假设是因为可以在非洲剩下的同时实现有价值的学习。找到的主要挑战与资助选修课有关。 SSMEE模型是可行的，为参与学生及其同事提供有价值的学习。融资选修课仍然是最大的挑战。自该试点研究以来，SSMEE已成为非洲区域选修交流网络的一部分，其中三个其他国家有四个机构。由于这种SSMEE导致了增加非洲医学生的机会，以及更好的教育结果，可能对非洲医疗保健系统产生积极影响。

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