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首页> 外文期刊>BMC Plant Biology >The effects and interaction of soybean maturity gene alleles controlling flowering time, maturity, and adaptation in tropical environments
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The effects and interaction of soybean maturity gene alleles controlling flowering time, maturity, and adaptation in tropical environments

机译：大豆成熟度基因等级控制开花时间，成熟度和适应热带环境中的效果及相互作用

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Soybean is native to the temperate zones of East Asia. Poor yields of soybean in West African countries may be partially attributed to inadequate adaptation of soybean to tropical environments. Adaptation will require knowledge of the effects of allelic combinations of major maturity genes (E1, E2, and E3) and stem architecture. The long juvenile trait (J) influences soybean flowering time in short, ~?12?h?days, which characterize tropical latitudes. Soybean plant architecture includes determinate or indeterminate stem phenotypes controlled by the Dt1 gene. Understanding the influence of these genetic components on plant development and adaptation is key to optimize phenology and improve soybean yield potential in tropical environments. Soybean lines from five recombinant inbred populations were developed that varied in their combinations of targeted genes. The soybean lines were field tested in multiple environments and characterized for days to flowering (DTF), days to maturity (DTM), and plant height in locations throughout northern Ghana, and allelic combinations were determined for each line for associating genotype with phenotype. The results revealed significant differences based on genotype for DTF and DTM and allowed the comparison of different variant alleles of those genes. The mutant alleles of J and E1 had significant impact on DTF and DTM, and alleles of those genes interacted with each other for DTF but not DTM. The Dt1 gene significantly influenced plant height but not DTF or DTM. This research identified major and minor effect alleles of soybean genes that can be combined to control DTF, DTM, and plant height in short day tropical environments in Ghana. These phenotypes contribute to adaptation to a low latitude environment that can be optimized in a soybean breeding program with targeted selection of desired allele combinations. The knowledge of the genetic control of these traits will enhance molecular breeding to produce optimally adapted soybean varieties targeted to tropical environments.
机译：大豆是东亚温带温带的原产。西非国家大豆产量差可能部分归因于大豆对热带环境的适应性不足。适应需要了解主要成熟基因（E1，E2和E3）和阀杆结构的等位基因组合的影响。长少年特质（J）影响大豆开花时间短，〜？12？H？天，其特征热带纬度。大豆植物建筑包括测定或不确定由DT1基因控制的干燥表型。了解这些遗传成分对植物开发和适应的影响是优化诸如诸如热带环境中提高大豆产量潜力的关键。来自五种重组血交种群的大豆系在靶向基因的组合中变化。大豆线是在多种环境中测试的田间，其特征在于开花（DTF），到期日（DTM）的天数，以及在加纳北部的地点的植物高度，并针对每根线测定等位基因组合，用于将基因型与表型相关联。结果揭示了基于DTF和DTM的基因型的显着差异，并允许比较这些基因的不同变异等位基因。 J和E1的突变等位基因对DTF和DTM产生显着影响，并且这些基因的等位基因彼此相互作用，例如DTF但不是DTM。 DT1基因显着影响植物高度但不是DTF或DTM。该研究确定了大豆基因的主要和微小效果等位基因，其可以组合在加纳的短日热带环境中控制DTF，DTM和植物高度。这些表型有助于适应低纬度环境，其可以在大豆育种程序中优化，其具有目标选择所需的等位基因组合。对这些特征的遗传控制的认识将增强分子育种，以产生靶向热带环境的最佳调整大豆品种。

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