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Investigation of the Admission Profile of Medical Residency in Brazil: An Observational Study

机译：巴西医用居住地招收概况调查：观察研究

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Background: Medical Residency (MR) started in 1889, at the Department of Surgery at John’s Hopkins Hospital, in the United States, to assist the development of medical specialties. In Brazil, it was implemented in the 1940s at the Hospital das Clínicas of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of S &atilde; o Paulo, but it was only in the 1970s that its true expansion took place ; however, the admission criteria (AC) in the MR are heterogeneous in this country. Objective: It was to analyze the main AC in MR in Brazil, in order to know the main differences between them and to highlight the most important AC. Methods: An observational study (STROBE rules) was carried out on the evaluation of twenty-seven (27) AC for RM adopted or not by ten (10) institutions in Brazil. As an evaluation criterion, the terms “1 = yes” and “0 = no” were adopted in relation to the adoption of competences. Descriptive statistical analysis, ANOVA-One-Way Test ( p < 0.05 with a statistical difference), multivariate analysis and ANOVA-Equality of variances w ere performed. Results: Table 1 shows the numerical and percentage data of the occurrence of types of admission criteria in medical residency programs. There was a difference between the averages of each Institution in terms of absolute values, as well as a statistically significant difference in relation to the AC of each MR, with p = 0.000 ( Table 2 ). Figure 1 shows the distribution of the mean values a nd standard deviations for each criterion around zero (0) to one (1). Figure 2 shows the degree of similarity between the results of the criteria, providing a more accurate relationship between them. Discussion and Conclusion: It was observed that there are differences in the adoption of AC among the ten MR institutions, making it necessary to establish standardization measures between them, in order to improve medical specialization. Therefore, these findings allowed know ing the admission profile of ten medical residency services in Brazil, working as a pilot study. From these results, it is possible to envision possible improvements to achieve the improvement of medical qualification in the near future.
机译：背景：医疗居住地（MR）于1889年开始，在美国霍普金斯医院的手术部，协助医学专业的发展。在巴西，它于20世纪40年代在S＆Atilde大学医学院的DasClínicas。 o Paulo，但它只是在20世纪70年代，其真正的扩张发生了;但是，在这个国家的MR中的录取标准（AC）是异构的。 目标：它是为了分析巴西先生的主要交流，以了解它们之间的主要差异，并突出最重要的交流。 方法：在巴西十（10）个机构上采用的二十七（27）个AC的27（27）个AC的评估，进行了观察研究（频闪规则）。作为评估标准，术语“1 =是”和“0 =否”是通过竞争的通过而采用的。描述性统计分析，ANOVA-单向测试（ P 0.05，统计差异），多变量分析和ANOVA的变异性差异。 结果： 表1显示了医疗居住计划中入学标准类型的数值和百分比数据。 在绝对值方面，每个机构的平均值之间存在差异，以及与每个MR的AC相关的统计学上显着差异，其中 p = 0.000（表2）。 图1 表示零（0）到一个（0）左右的每个标准的ND标准偏差的平均值的分布。 图2显示了标准结果之间的相似度，在它们之间提供更准确的关系。 讨论和结论：据观察，在十个MR机构中采用AC存在差异，使其有必要在他们之间建立标准化措施，以改善医学专业化。因此，这些调查结果允许了解巴西十个医疗居住服务的入学概况，作为试点研究。从这些结果来看，可以设想在不久的将来实现改善医疗资格的改进。

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