• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>ACS Omega >Thermodynamic Proof That the Thermal Energy of a Uniform Fluid Never Converts into Its Own Mechanical Energy
【24h】

Thermodynamic Proof That the Thermal Energy of a Uniform Fluid Never Converts into Its Own Mechanical Energy

机译：热力学证明，均匀流体的热能从未转换成自己的机械能

获取原文
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

The conversion of mechanical (i.e., kinetic and potential) energy into internal (or thermal) energy is ubiquitous in fluids, while the reverse process seems less common. Little is known a priori about in what circumstances the former conversion occurs or not. The present study investigates this problem by applying thermodynamics to nonequilibrium situations. It is thereby found that if a fluid is uniform in temperature, pressure, and composition, then its mechanical energy necessarily turns into its internal energy but not vice versa (with its kinetic energy determined relative to the vessel holding it). This result is essentially based on the second law of thermodynamics, but the conventional way of evaluating the energy conversion needs to be corrected to obtain it. It may constitute the first thermodynamically general and rigorous explanation of why heat is usually generated, e.g., when a liquid is stirred vigorously or when an electric current flows through an electrolyte solution. If a fluid is not uniform, however, it is possible that its internal energy is transformed into its mechanical energy. Such behavior is illustrated by considering a representative case in which two identical pure fluids are brought into contact with each other at the same temperature but at different pressures.
机译：将机械（即动力学和潜在）能量转化为内部（或热）能量在流体中普遍存在，而反向过程似乎不太常见。在以前转换发生或不存在的情况下，众所周知。本研究通过将热力学应用于非醌状况来调查该问题。由此发现，如果流体在温度，压力和组成中是均匀的，则其机械能必然进入其内部能量，但不反之亦然（其动能相对于持有其血管确定的动能）。该结果基本上基于热力学的第二定律，但需要纠正评估能量转换的传统方式以获得它。它可以构成第一热力学上的一般和严格的解释，为什么通常产生热量，例如，当剧烈搅拌液体时或当电流流过电解质溶液时。然而，如果流体不均匀，则其内部能量可能转化为其机械能。通过考虑代表性的情况，示出了这种行为，其中在相同的温度下使两个相同的纯净流体彼此接触但在不同的压力下。

著录项

  • 来源
    《ACS Omega》 |2020年第33期|共8页
  • 作者

    Nobuo Yoshida;

  • 作者单位
  • 收录信息
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号