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Combining rare alleles and grouped pollen donors to assign paternity in pollen dispersal studies

机译:结合稀有等位基因和分组花粉捐献者在花粉分散研究中分配亲子关系

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Premise Pollen dispersal plays a critical role in gene flow of seed plants. Most often, pollen dispersal is measured using paternity assignment. However, this approach can be time‐consuming because it typically entails genotyping all pollen donors, receptors, and offspring at several molecular markers. Methods We developed a faster, simpler protocol to track paternity, using pollen receptors and grouped pollen donors that possess rare alleles. We tested this approach using wind‐pollinated Amaranthus tuberculatus and insect‐pollinated Solanum lycopersicum . After screening potential markers for rare alleles, we grew both species in experimental arrays under field conditions. Results All tested A . tuberculatus seeds and 97% of S . lycopersicum fruits could be assigned to the grouped pollen donors using each of two markers. From these results, we could infer paternity of untested offspring and assess pollen dispersal patterns in each array. Discussion By combining rare alleles and grouped pollen donors, we could assess pollen dispersal for both species and across all arrays after genotyping a small number of pollen donors and a representative subset of offspring. While directly applicable to A. tuberculatus and S. lycopersicum , this approach could be used in other species to assess pollen dispersal under field conditions.
机译:前提花粉分散在种子植物的基因流中发挥着关键作用。最常,使用父级分配测量花粉分散。然而,这种方法可能是耗时的,因为它通常需要在几个分子标记处进行所有花粉供体,受体和后代的基因分型。方法我们开发了更快,更简单的协议,以跟踪亲子关系,使用花粉受体和具有罕见等位基因的花粉捐献者。我们使用风授粉Amaranthus Tuberculatus和昆虫授粉的溶兰菌霉菌测试了这种方法。在筛选稀有等位基因的潜在标志物后,我们在实地条件下在实验阵列中延长了两种。结果所有测试了a。 Tuberculatus种子和97%的s。可以使用两个标记中的每一个分配给分组的花粉捐献者的植物霉素。从这些结果来看,我们可以推断未经测试的后代的亲子关系,并在每个阵列中评估花粉分散模式。通过结合稀有等位基因和分组的花粉捐献者来讨论,我们可以在基因分开在少数花粉捐献者和代表性的后代的代表子集后评估各种物种的花粉分散和跨越所有阵列。在直接适用于A.Tuberculatus和S.Lycopersicum的同时,这种方法可用于其他物种,以评估现场条件下的花粉分散。

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