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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Medical Applications and Toxicities of Gallium Compounds
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Medical Applications and Toxicities of Gallium Compounds

机译：镓化合物的医学应用和毒性

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Over the past two to three decades, gallium compounds have gained importance in the fields of medicine and electronics. In clinical medicine, radioactive gallium and stable gallium nitrate are used as diagnostic and therapeutic agents in cancer and disorders of calcium and bone metabolism. In addition, gallium compounds have displayed anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activity in animal models of human disease while more recent studies have shown that gallium compounds may function as antimicrobial agents against certain pathogens. In a totally different realm, the chemical properties of gallium arsenide have led to its use in the semiconductor industry. Gallium compounds, whether used medically or in the electronics field, have toxicities. Patients receiving gallium nitrate for the treatment of various diseases may benefit from such therapy, but knowledge of the therapeutic index of this drug is necessary to avoid clinical toxicities. Animals exposed to gallium arsenide display toxicities in certain organ systems suggesting that environmental risks may exist for individuals exposed to this compound in the workplace. Although the arsenic moiety of gallium arsenide appears to be mainly responsible for its pulmonary toxicity, gallium may contribute to some of the detrimental effects in other organs. The use of older and newer gallium compounds in clinical medicine may be advanced by a better understanding of their mechanisms of action, drug resistance, pharmacology, and side-effects. This review will discuss the medical applications of gallium and its mechanisms of action, the newer gallium compounds and future directions for development, and the toxicities of gallium compounds in current use.
机译：在过去两到三十年中，镓化合物在医学和电子领域获得了重要性。在临床医学中，放射性镓和稳定的硝酸镓被用作癌症和治疗剂在癌症和钙和骨代谢障碍中。此外，镓化合物在人类疾病的动物模型中显示出抗炎和免疫抑制活性，而最近的研究表明，镓化合物可以用作某些病原体的抗微生物剂。在完全不同的领域中，砷化镓的化学性质导致其在半导体工业中的使用。镓化合物，无论是医学还是电子领域，都有毒性。接受硝酸镓治疗各种疾病的患者可能会受益于此类疗法，但必须了解该药物的治疗指数以避免临床毒性。暴露于砷化镓的动物在某些器官系统中显示毒性，表明在工作场所暴露于该化合物的个体可能存在环境风险。虽然砷化镓的砷部分似乎主要是对其肺毒性的负责，但镓可能有助于其他器官的一些不利影响。通过更好地理解它们的作用机制，耐药性，药理学和副作用，可以使用较老的较新的镓化合物的使用。本综述将讨论镓的医疗应用及其作用机制，新的镓化合物和未来的发展方向，以及当前使用中的镓化合物的毒性。

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