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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >The Mortality Risk and Socioeconomic Vulnerability Associated with High and Low Temperature in Hong Kong
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The Mortality Risk and Socioeconomic Vulnerability Associated with High and Low Temperature in Hong Kong

机译：在香港高低温度相关的死亡风险和社会经济脆弱性

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(1) Background: The adverse health effect associated with extreme temperature has been extensively reported in the current literature. Some also found that temperature effect may vary among the population with different socioeconomic status (SES), but found inconsistent results. Previous studies on the socioeconomic vulnerability of temperature effect were mainly achieved by multi-city or country analysis, but the large heterogeneity between cities may introduce additional bias to the estimation. The linkage between death registry and census in Hong Kong allows us to perform a city-wide analysis in which the study population shares virtually the same cultural, lifestyle and policy environment. This study aims to examine and compare the high and low temperature on morality in Hong Kong, a city with a subtropical climate and address a key research question of whether the extreme high and low temperature disproportionally affects population with lower SES. (2) Methods: Poisson-generalized additive models and distributed-lagged nonlinear models were used to examine the association between daily mortality and daily mean temperature between 2007–2015 with other meteorological and confounding factors controlled. Death registry was linked with small area census and area-level median household income was used as the proxy for socioeconomic status. (3) Results: 362,957 deaths during the study period were included in the analysis. The minimum mortality temperature was found to be 28.9 °C (82nd percentile). With a subtropical climate, the low temperature has a stronger effect than the high temperature on non-accidental, cardiovascular, respiratory and cancer deaths in Hong Kong. The hot effect was more pronounced in the first few days, while cold effect tended to last up to three weeks. Significant heat effect was only observed in the lower SES groups, whilst the extreme low temperature was associated with significantly higher mortality risk across all SES groups. The older population were susceptible to extreme temperature, especially for cold. (4) Conclusions: This study raised the concern of cold-related health impact in the subtropical region. Compared with high temperature, low temperature may be considered a universal hazard to the entire population in Hong Kong rather than only disproportionally affecting people with lower SES. Future public health policy should reconsider the strategy at both individual and community levels to reduce temperature-related mortality.
机译：（1）背景：目前的文献中已广泛报道了与极端温度相关的不利健康效果。有些人发现，温度效应可能因不同社会经济地位（SES）的人群而变化，但发现结果不一致。以前关于温度效应的社会经济脆弱性的研究主要是通过多城市或国家分析实现的，但城市之间的大异质性可能会引入估计的额外偏差。死亡登记处和香港人口普查之间的联系使我们能够进行一级的分析，其中研究人口几乎股份具有几乎相同的文化，生活方式和政策环境。本研究旨在审查和比较香港道德的高低温度，一个具有亚热带气候的城市，并解决最高和低温的关键研究问题是否对较低的SES群体影响群体。 （2）方法：使用泊松广义添加剂模型和分布式滞后的非线性模型来检测2007 - 2015年间日死亡率和每日平均温度之间的关联，与其他气象和混杂因素控制。死亡登记处与小区的人口普查和面积级中位数的家庭收入相关联，被用作社会经济地位的代理。 （3）结果：在分析中包括研究期间的362,957例死亡。发现最小的死亡率温度为28.9°C（82百分位）。由于亚热带气候，低温效果比香港非意外，心血管，呼吸和癌症死亡的高温较强。在最初的几天中，热效果更明显，而冷效趋于持续三周。在下部SES组中仅观察到显着的热效果，而极端低温与所有SES组的死亡率有明显较高。较老的人口易受极端温度，特别是对于寒冷。 （4）结论：本研究提出了对亚热带地区感冒相关的健康影响的关注。与高温相比，低温可能被认为是对香港整个人口的普遍危害，而不是仅对较低的SES患者不成比例地影响。未来的公共卫生政策应重新考虑个人和社区层面的战略，以降低与温度相关的死亡率。

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