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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Health Impact Assessments in Spain: Have They Been Effective?
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Health Impact Assessments in Spain: Have They Been Effective?

机译：西班牙的健康影响评估：他们是否有效？

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Background: Health impact assessment (HIA) has scarcely been developed in Spain, in comparison with other European countries. Moreover, little is known about the effectiveness of HIA, taking into account direct impacts—changes on the decision-making process—as well as indirect impacts or those related to the process outcomes. From this broad perspective of HIA usefulness, the purpose was to assess the effectiveness of five HIAs carried out in Spain at the local level, and the role played by context and process factors on these impacts. Methods: We carried out a qualitative study based on 14 interviews to HIAs participants from different sectors. A documentary review and nonparticipant observation techniques were implemented for an in depth understanding. Results: The direct effectiveness of the HIAs was partial, but they had indirect effectiveness in all cases. The institutional and socio-political context, however, was not favorable to effectiveness. The elements of the process were largely determined by the context, although their influence, mediated by the role of proactive individuals, favored the effectiveness of the HIAs. Conclusions: When assessing HIA effectiveness, it is important to take into account a broad perspective on the nature of impacts and those factors influencing direct and indirect effectiveness. In Spain, the institutional and sociopolitical context was less favorable to HIA effectiveness than process-related factors. In order to implement the Health in All Policies strategy, will be necessary to improve context-related factors, such as institutional facilitators for HIA and democratic quality.
机译：背景：与其他欧洲国家相比，西班牙几乎没有开发健康影响评估（HIA）。此外，关于HIA的有效性，考虑到决策过程的直接影响以及与过程结果相关的间接影响或与过程结果有关的影响几乎是众所周知的。从这个广泛的HIA有用的看法，目的是评估西班牙在地方一级的五个HIA的有效性，以及对这些影响的背景和过程因素发挥的作用。方法：我们根据来自不同部门的HIAS参与者的14次访谈进行了一个定性研究。为深入了解实施纪录片审查和非豌皮观察技术。结果：HIAS的直接有效性是部分的，但它们在所有情况下都有间接效益。然而，机构和社会政治背景下不利于有效性。该过程的元素主要取决于背景，虽然它们的影响，但受到主动个人的作用，有利于HIA的有效性。结论：评估HIA效率时，重要的是考虑到影响自然的影响和影响直接和间接效率的因素。在西班牙，体制和社会政治背景不如流程相关因素对HIA有效性不太有利。为了在所有政策战略中实施卫生，将有必要改善与世界各种各样的因素，例如海亚和​​民主素质的机构促进者。

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