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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Forestry Research >Evaluation of Elemental and Chemical Compositions of Some Fuelwood Species for Energy Value
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Evaluation of Elemental and Chemical Compositions of Some Fuelwood Species for Energy Value

机译：评价一些燃料木材的元素和化学组成能量值

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Fuelwood species are a crucial part of the ecosystem; they provide energy for cooking, heating, and lightening for both domestic and industrial uses. As a result of their value, there is a need for frequent evaluation of elemental and chemical compositions for management and conservation purposes. Since fuelwood is the most common and cheapest source of energy in both rural and urban areas in northern Nigeria, the study area is facing serious challenges due to indiscriminate felling of trees for energy use, irrespective of species quality for combustion. Therefore, ten fuelwood species were selected for this study. The selected trees were harvested at Dbh level, replicated three times. Four fuel materials were obtained from each tree sample; these include wood without bark (100% wood sample), wood with 5% bark inclusion, wood with 10% bark inclusion, and whole bark samples and they were evaluated for their inherent elemental and chemical compositions by employing ASTM and TAPPI methods. The results showed that there were significant differences in the tree species and fuel material types obtained from all the ten fuelwood species used. The results of carbon content ranges from 49.54% in A. sieberiana to 50.98% in A. leiocarpus. Meanwhile, the addition of 5% and 10% bark reduces carbon content of wood by 1.25% and 2.74%, respectively. Nitrogen content ranged from 0.31% in A. leiocarpus to 1.00% in A. sieberiana. Among the fuel materials used, isolated bark contained approximately 0.45% nitrogen content compared with wood without bark. Among the tree species, hydrogen content ranged from 3.99% in P. reticulatum to 4.66% in C. arereh. The variation in sulphur contents ranged from 0.24% in C. arereh to 0.93% in A. sieberiana. Lignin content ranged from 10.68% in A. sieberiana to 25.39% in A. leiocarpu and extractive content values ranged from 7.31% in A. leiocarpus to 19.33% in P. reticulatum. Meanwhile, the fuelwood species observed in this study with higher percentage of carbon, hydrogen, and lignin and lower nitrogen and sulphur and extractive content possessed quality fuel value and thereby were encouraged to be incorporated in fuelwood plantation establishment programs (A. leiocarpus, C. molle, C. arereh, and B. aegyptiaca). Lower energy fuelwood species should be allowed for environmental amelioration and carbon sequestration. However, bark contents should be removed for better heating and low ash production during combustion.
机译：薪材物种是生态系统的关键部分;它们为国内和工业用途提供烹饪，加热和闪电的能量。由于其价值，需要频繁评估用于管理和保护目的的元素和化学组成。由于莲花北部的农村和城市地区的农村和城市地区最常见和最便宜的能源来源，因此由于燃烧物种质量，因此，由于燃烧物种质量不满，研究区面临着严峻挑战。因此，为这项研究选择了十种燃料种类物种。在DBH水平上收获所选树木，复制三次。从每棵树样品获得四种燃料材料;这些包括没有树皮（100％木样品）的木材，木材具有5％的树皮包容，木材具有10％的树皮包容，并通过采用ASTM和TAPPI方法评估其固有的元素和化学成分的整个树皮样本。结果表明，从所用的所有十个燃料木材种类中获得的树种和燃料材料类型存在显着差异。碳含量的结果在A.Sieberiana的49.54％范围为A.Leiocarpus的49.54％。同时，增加5％和10％的树皮将木材的碳含量降低1.25％和2.74％。氮含量为0.31％，在A.Sieberiana的leiocarpus中为1.00％。在所用的燃料材料中，与无树皮的木材相比，隔离的树皮含有约0.45％的氮含量。在树种中，氢含量为3.99％，近克的近克拉汞酸锡中的4.66％。硫含量的变化范围为0.24％的C.·艾伯尼亚菌中的0.93％。木质素含量在A.Sieberiana的10.68％范围为A.Seiocarpu的25.39％，而Leiocarpu和A.Peiocarpus的诱导含量值为19.33％，在P. Tericulatum中的19.33％。同时，在本研究中观察到的燃料玉米物种具有较高百分比的碳，氢气和木质素和较低的氮气和硫以及硫以及萃取含量，具有质量燃料价值，并被鼓励被纳入薪金制作成立计划（A.Leiocarpus，C.麦卢，C. arereh和B. aegyptiaca）。应允许较低的能量upewwood物种进行环境改善和碳封存。然而，应除去树皮内容物，以便在燃烧过程中进行更好的加热和低灰分生产。

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