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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine >“Current concepts of mechanical ventilation in neonates” – Part 1: Basics
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“Current concepts of mechanical ventilation in neonates” – Part 1: Basics

机译：“新生儿机械通风的当前概念” - 第1部分：基础知识

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Mechanical ventilation is potentially live saving in neonatal patients with respiratory failure. The main purpose of mechanical ventilation is to ensure adequate gas exchange, including delivery of adequate oxygenation and enough ventilation for excretion of CO2. The possibility to measure and deliver small flows and tidal volumes have allowed to develop very sophisticated modes of assisted mechanical ventilation for the most immature neonates, such as volume targeted ventilation, which is used more and more by many clinicians. Use of mechanical ventilation requires a basic understanding of respiratory physiology and pathophysiology of the disease leading to respiratory failure. Understanding pulmonary mechanics, elastic and resistive forces (compliance and resistance), and its influence on the inspiratory and expiratory time constant, and the mechanisms of gas exchange are necessary to choose the best mode of ventilation and adequate ventilator settings to minimize lung injury. Considering the pathophysiology of the disease allows a physiology-based approach and application of these concepts in daily practice for decision making regarding the use of modes and settings of mechanical ventilation, with the ultimate aim of providing adequate gas exchange and minimising lung injury.
机译：机械通风潜在于呼吸衰竭的新生儿患者中节省。机械通气的主要目的是确保足够的气体交换，包括提供足够的氧合和足够通气的CO 2。测量和提供小流量和潮汐卷的可能性已经允许为最不成熟的新生儿进行非常复杂的辅助机械通风模式，例如靶向通风，这是许多临床医生使用的越来越多。使用机械通风需要对呼吸衰竭的疾病的呼吸生理学和病理生理学进行基本理解。了解肺部力学，弹性和电阻力（合规性和阻力）及其对吸气和呼气时间常数的影响，以及气体交换机制是选择最佳通风模式和足够的呼吸机环境，以使肺损伤最小化。考虑到该疾病的病理生理学允许在日常实践中进行基于生理学的方法和这些概念，以决策关于使用机械通风的模式和设置的决策，最终目的是提供足够的气体交换和最小化肺损伤。

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