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Disentangling chronic regeneration failure in endangered woodland ecosystems

机译：濒危林地生态系统的解开慢性再生失败

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Ecological restoration of degraded ecosystems requires the facilitation of natural regeneration by plants, often augmented by large‐scale active revegetation. The success of such projects is highly variable. Risk factors may be readily identifiable in a general sense, but it is rarely clear how they play out individually, or in combination. We addressed this problem with a field experiment on the survival of, and browsing damage to, 1275 hand‐planted buloke (Allocasuarina luehmannii ) seedlings in a nationally endangered, semi‐arid woodland community. Buloke seedlings were planted in 17 sites representing four landscape contexts and with three levels of protection from kangaroo and lagomorph browsing. We censused seedlings and measured herbivore activity four times during the first 400?d post‐planting and fitted models of mortality and browse hazard to these data using survival analysis. Increasing lagomorph activity was associated with higher mortality risk, while kangaroo activity was not. Seedling survival was lowest for each treatment within extant buloke woodland, and the highest survival rates for guarded seedlings were in locations favored by lagomorphs. Damage from browsing was nearly ubiquitous after one year for surviving unguarded seedlings, despite moderate browser activity. On average, unguarded seedlings showed a decline in height, whereas fully guarded seedlings grew 2.3?cm across the survey period. This study demonstrates buloke seedlings should be protected from browsers, even with browsers maintained at moderate to low density, and the location that maximizes survival, and possibly growth rates, is adjacent to dunes. Further work will test this heuristic in an analysis of cost‐effective revegetation strategies for this endangered community.
机译：退化生态系统的生态恢复需要植物自然再生的促进，经常被大规模的积极接头增强。此类项目的成功是高度变化的。危险因素可以在一般意义上容易地识别，但很少清楚他们如何单独播放，也很齐全。在国家濒临灭绝的半干旱林地社区的生存和浏览伤害损失和浏览损坏的田间实验，我们解决了这个问题。植物幼苗被种植在17个位点，代表四个景观上下文，并从袋鼠和Lagomorph浏览的三个水平保护。在第一个400'D后，我们将幼苗和测量的食草动物活动测得4次，使用生存分析向这些数据浏览危险并浏览危险。增加Lagomorph活性与较高的死亡率风险有关，而袋鼠活动则不是。幼苗存活率最低，每个治疗都在现存伍德地的每种治疗中，守卫幼苗的最高生存率在Lagomorphs青睐的位置。尽管浏览器活动中度幸存下来，浏览浏览损坏几乎普遍存在。平均而言，无人防守的幼苗的高度下降，而全面守卫幼苗在调查期间增长2.3厘米。本研究表明应该保护浏览器的吸管幼苗，即使浏览器也维持在中等至低密度，并且最大化生存和可能增长率的位置邻近沙丘。进一步的工作将在分析这种濒危社区的成本效益的重新策略方面测试这种启发式。

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