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A distributed ledger based platform for community-driven flexibility provision

机译：基于分布式的基于分布式的分布式分类账，用于社区驱动的灵活性

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In this paper we propose and analyze a community-driven platform for flexibility provision based on a distributed ledger. We introduce and analyze the platform for the use case of a self-organized decentralized virtual power plant consisting of a local community of individual prosumers with photovoltaic-storages located on a low voltage feeder. Like a virtual power plant, it aggregates small-scale assets and is able to provide ancillary services in the form of active power provision to the electrical power system. However, the decentralized virtual power plant provides a direct flexibility market access of the distributed assets without the need for a third party. Thus, balancing group managers or system operators can directly interact with the distributed assets in an aggregated way without the need for an aggregator. The solution approach uses a heuristic algorithm for the coordination combined with a distributed ledger and democratic consensus within the community.We propose the concept in detail, describe the prototypical implementation based on a consortium Ethereum blockchain and discuss results of the proof-of-concept. Our numerous test runs with up to 20 participants showed that the coordinated flexibility provision, energy sharing and according financial settlement works in practice, but would need an upgrade concerning the smart-meter hardware for an implementation in the field. We analyze the impact of the coordination interval on the community self-sufficiency and determine that one minute intervals are enough to reach 96% of the optimum. We evaluate the storage and communication effort and conclude with suggestions for future improvements and other possible applications of the decentralized platform like aggregated flexibility coordination between balancing group managers and system operators.
机译：在本文中，我们提出并分析了基于分布式分区的灵活性提供的社区驱动平台。我们介绍和分析了由具有位于低压送料器上的光伏存储器的本地法制群体组成的自组织分散虚拟发电厂的用例平台。与虚拟发电厂一样，它聚集小规模资产，并且能够以电力系统的主动功率提供的形式提供辅助服务。然而，分散的虚拟电厂提供了分布式资产的直接灵活性市场，而无需第三方。因此，平衡组管理器或系统运算符可以以聚合方式直接与分布式资产相互作用，而无需聚合器。解决方案方法使用启发式算法与社区内的分布式分类帐和民主共识结合使用。我们详细提出了该概念，描述了基于联盟的Etereum区块链的原型实现，并讨论了概念证明的结果。我们众多测试运行最多20名参与者认为，协调灵活性，能源共享和根据财务定居点在实践中工作，但需要升级智能仪表硬件，以便在该领域实现。我们分析协调间隔对社区自给自足的影响，并确定一分钟间隔足以达到最佳的96％。我们评估了存储和沟通努力，并结束了分散平台的未来改进和其他可能应用的建议，如平衡组经理和系统运营商之间的聚合灵活性协调。

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