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The cognitive and speech genes are jointly shaped by both positive and relaxed selection in the human lineage

机译：认知和语音基因是人类谱系中的积极和放松选择的共同形状

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The emergence of a coordinated network of cognitive and speech genes in the human lineage performing overlapping functions is a great evolutionary puzzle. Prior studies on the speech gene FOXP2 are inconclusive on the nature of selection operating on this gene in the human lineage. Here, I show that the evolution of FOXP2 is accelerated in the human lineage due to relaxation of purifying selection (relaxed selection). Five potential genes associated with human-specific intelligence and speech genes have evolved under the impact of positive selection and three genes including FOXP2 have undergone relaxation of purifying selection in the human lineage. Overall, three evolutionary processes namely positive selection, relaxation of purifying selection and neutral evolution have contributed for the genomic evolution of extraordinary cognitive ability and speech in the hominin lineage. The cognitive and speech genes subjected to natural selection in the human lineage have demonstrated a coevolutionary trend.
机译：在人体谱系中执行重叠函数的人类谱系中的认知和语音基因的协调网络的出现是一个伟大的进化拼图。对语音基因Foxp2的研究表明对人类谱系中该基因的选择性质不确定。在这里，我表明，由于净化选择（轻松选择）放松，Foxp2的演变在人体谱系中加速。与人特异性智力和语音基因相关的五种潜在基因在阳性选择的影响下进化，并且在包括Foxp2中的三种基因经历了人类谱系中净化选择的放松。总体而言，三个进化过程即阳性选择，净化选择和中性演化的放松是有助于母语谱系中非凡的认知能力和言语的基因组演变。对人体谱系中自然选择进行的认知和语音基因表明了一种共同趋势。

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