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首页> 外文期刊>Frontiers in Neuroanatomy >Brain and Behavioral Asymmetry: A Lesson From Fish
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Brain and Behavioral Asymmetry: A Lesson From Fish

机译：大脑和行为不对称：鱼类的课程

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It is widely acknowledged that the left and right hemispheres of human brains display both anatomical and functional asymmetries. For more than a century, brain and behavioral lateralization have been considered a uniquely human feature linked to language and handedness. However, over the past decades this idea has been challenged by an increasing number of studies describing structural asymmetries and lateralized behaviors in non-human species extending from primates to fish. Evidence suggesting that a similar pattern of brain lateralization occurs in all vertebrates, humans included, has allowed the emergence of different model systems to investigate the development of brain asymmetries and their impact on behavior. Among animal models, fish have contributed much to the research on lateralization as several fish species exhibit lateralized behaviors. For instance, behavioral studies have shown that the advantages of having an asymmetric brain, such as the ability of simultaneously processing different information and perform parallel tasks compensate the potential costs associated with poor integration of information between the two hemispheres thus helping to better understand the possible evolutionary significance of lateralization. However, these studies inferred how the two sides of the brains are differentially specialized by measuring the differences in the behavioral responses but did not allow to directly investigate the relation between anatomical and functional asymmetries. With respect to this issue, in recent years zebrafish has become a powerful model to address lateralization at different level of complexity, from genes to neural circuitry and behavior. The possibility of combining genetic manipulation of brain asymmetries with cutting-edge in vivo imaging technique and behavioral tests makes the zebrafish a valuable model to investigate the phylogeny and ontogeny of brain lateralization and its relevance for normal brain function and behavior.
机译：人们普遍认为，人性大脑的左右半球会显示解剖学和功能性的不对称。超过一个以上的世纪，大脑和行为侧向化被认为是与语言和递送相关的独特人类特征。然而，在过去的几十年中，这一想法已经受到越来越多的研究越来越多的研究，这些研究描述了从灵长类动物延伸到鱼类的非人类物种中的结构性不对称和侧向化行为。有证据表明，在所有脊椎动物中发生了类似模式的脑横向化模式，允许不同模型系统的出现来调查脑不对称的发展及其对行为的影响。在动物模型中，由于几种鱼类表现出横向化行为，鱼类对侧向化的研究贡献了很多。例如，行为研究表明，具有不对称性大脑的优点，例如同时处理不同信息的能力并执行并行任务补偿与两个半球之间信息之间的信息不良相关的潜在成本，从而有助于更好地理解可能的侧向化的进化意义。然而，这些研究推断出脑的两侧是如何通过测量行为响应的差异而差异化专门，但不允许直接调查解剖学和功能性不对称之间的关系。关于这个问题，近年来，斑马鱼已经成为一种强大的模型，以解决不同程度的复杂程度，从基因到神经电路和行为。在体内成像技术和行为试验中结合脑不对称的脑非对称的遗传操纵的可能性使斑马鱼成为脑膜发育和脑横向化的系统发育及其与正常脑功能和行为的相关性的型号。

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