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首页> 外文期刊>Medievalista. Online >The Old French Translation of William of Tyre and Templars
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The Old French Translation of William of Tyre and Templars

机译：轮胎和圣殿骑士威廉的旧法语翻译

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As is well known, Archbishop William of Tyre’s history relates the story of the FirstCrusade and the Latin settlements in the Levant as far as 1184. He was at work on hisnarrative of these events between about 1170 and 1184, and he died shortly before thecollapse of the kingdom of Jerusalem in 1187. Historians have long been aware thatbehind the welter of detail and the measured Latin cadences – for William clearlyconsidered himself something of a Latin stylist – lies much that is tendentious. At firstreading he may seem even-handed and judicious, but a careful examination reveals thathe had various agendas of which putting a favourable gloss on the history of the LatinEast; praising the royal dynasty of Jerusalem, and using his history as a platform forbewailing the inadequate treatment the ecclesiastical province of Tyre had received atthe hands of successive popes are among the more notable. He is also famous as anearly and strident critic of the Military Orders – the Templars and the Hospitallers –partly no doubt because he was suspicious of their growing military and political power,but more especially because he resented the privileges they had received from thepapacy which placed them beyond the jurisdiction of the secular church of which he, asarchbishop of Tyre, was a leading member. It is likely, though not provable, thatWilliam was involved in attempts to have their privileges reduced at the Third LateranCouncil of 1179. The Templars especially are cast in an unfavourable light, but, whereother evidence for particular episodes exists, the veracity of William’s hostile stance canoften be called in question1.
机译：众所周知，轮胎史的大主教威廉·威廉·威廉·威廉（Tire的历史）与Levant中的比例和拉丁定居点涉及1184。他在约1170和1184之间的这些事件中正常工作，他在倒退之前很快就死了耶路撒冷王国于1187年。历史学家长期以来一直意识到这一点细节的焊机和莫斯兰的拉丁节 - 为威廉清楚地为自己提供了一种拉丁造型师 - 呈现出倾向的东西。在用三架子上，他可能似乎是透明的和明智的，但仔细检查揭示了他有各种议程，这对拉丁美洲的历史充满了光泽;赞扬耶路撒冷的皇家王朝，并利用他的历史作为一个平台，以削弱不充分的治疗，在连续的弹出手中收到的雷克斯省的传道省是更值得注意的。他也闻名于军事订单的基本和尖锐的批评者 - 圣殿骑士和医院 - 毫无疑问，因为他怀疑他们不断增长的军事和政治权力，但更尤其是因为他讨厌他们从被安排的特权所获得的特权他们超越了世俗教会的管辖，他是轮胎的秘密教会，是一个领先的成员。虽然不可证明，但是，在1179年的第三次审议中，这仍然没有证明，这涉及他们的特权。专柜特别是在不利的光明中施放，但是，存在特定发作的其他证据，威廉的敌对立场的真实性Canoften在Question1中调用。

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