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Organic Contaminant Biodegradation by Oxidoreductase Enzymes in Wastewater Treatment

机译：废水处理中氧化还原酶的有机污染物生物降解

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Organic contaminants (OCs), such as pharmaceuticals, personal care products, flame retardants, and plasticisers, are societally ubiquitous, environmentally hazardous, and structurally diverse chemical compounds whose recalcitrance to conventional wastewater treatment necessitates the development of more effective remedial alternatives. The engineered application of ligninolytic oxidoreductase fungal enzymes, principally white-rot laccase, lignin peroxidase, and manganese peroxidase, has been identified as a particularly promising approach for OC remediation due to their strong oxidative power, broad substrate specificity, low energy consumption, environmental benignity, and cultivability from lignocellulosic waste. By applying an understanding of the mechanisms by which substrate properties influence enzyme activity, a set of semi-quantitative physicochemical criteria (redox potential, hydrophobicity, steric bulk and pKa) was formulated, against which the oxidoreductase degradation susceptibility of twenty-five representative OCs was assessed. Ionisable, compact, and electron donating group (EDG) rich pharmaceuticals and antibiotics were judged the most susceptible, whilst hydrophilic, bulky, and electron withdrawing group (EWG) rich polyhalogenated compounds were judged the least susceptible. OC susceptibility scores were in general agreement with the removal rates reported for experimental oxidoreductase treatments (R 2 = 0.60). Based on this fundamental knowledge, and recent developments in enzyme immobilisation techniques, microbiological enzymic treatment strategies are proposed to formulate a new generation of biological wastewater treatment processes for the biodegradation of environmentally challenging OC compounds.
机译：有机污染物（ocs），如药物，个人护理产品，阻燃剂和增塑剂，是社会普遍存在的，环境危险的和结构多样化的化学化合物，其重新计算到常规废水处理需要开发更有效的补救替代方案。 LignInolytic氧化还原酶真菌酶的工程化应用，主要是白腐漆酶，木质素过氧化物酶和锰过氧化物酶已被鉴定为OC修复的特别有希望的方法，因为它们具有强烈的氧化能力，宽的底物特异性，低能量消耗，环境良性和木质纤维素废物的培养。通过对底物性能影响酶活性的机制进行理解，配制了一组半定量物理化学标准（氧化还原势，疏水性，空间体积和PKA），其25个代表性OCS的氧化还原酶降解敏感性评估。判断离子，紧凑，电子捐赠组（EDG）富含药物和抗生素最容易受到影响，而亲水性，笨重和电子取出基团（EWG）富含多卤代化合物判断最少易受影响。 OC敏感性评分与报告的实验氧化还原酶处理报告的去除率（R 2 = 0.60）一般。基于这种基本知识，以及酶固定技术的最新发展，提出了微生物酶处理策略，用于制定新一代生物废水处理过程，用于对环境挑战性OC化合物的生物降解。

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