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首页> 外文期刊>Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology >Impact of a 10-Year Eye Care Program in Sokoto, Nigeria: Changing Pattern of Prevalence and Causes of Blindness and Visual Impairment
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Impact of a 10-Year Eye Care Program in Sokoto, Nigeria: Changing Pattern of Prevalence and Causes of Blindness and Visual Impairment

机译：尼日利亚索科托的10年眼科护理计划的影响：不断变化的失明和视力障碍的普遍性和原因

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BACKGROUND: This study was undertaken to ascertain the current magnitude and causes of blindness and visual impairment in persons aged 50 years and over and to assess the impact of a 10-year eye care program in Sokoto State, Nigeria. METHODS: A rapid assessment of avoidable blindness (RAAB) survey (in persons 50 years and over) was conducted in 2016. Participants were selected in Wurno health zone using a two-stage cluster randomized sampling with probability proportional to size. Operational definitions were based on RAAB and World Health Organization eye examination record definitions. Eye care program documents were reviewed and data from a baseline survey undertaken in 2005 were reanalyzed. RESULTS: A response of 89.1% (2405 of 2700 participants) was obtained in the 2016 survey. With available correction, the unadjusted prevalence of blindness was 7.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.4, 8.9). The odds of blindness were 1.8 times higher in females than males (95% CI: 1.3, 2.4; P 0.001). Major causes of blindness were cataract (48.9%) corneal disease (20.1%), glaucoma (10.3%), and uncorrected refractive error/aphakia (8.7%). The age- and sex-adjusted prevalence of blindness has declined from 11.6% (95% CI: 7.4, 17.0) in 2005 to 6.8% (95% CI: 5.6, 8.0%) in 2016. CONCLUSION: The blindness prevalence is high, and the major causes are avoidable in the health zone. The findings suggest that investments in the program over the last 10 years might have led to almost a halving in the prevalence of blindness in th e population. However, the small sample size of persons 50+ years from Wurno zone in the 2005 survey necessitate caution when comparing the 2005 and the 2016 surveys.
机译：背景：本研究是为了确定50岁及以上的人的失明和视力障碍的当前级别和原因，并评估尼日利亚佐邦州州佐邦的10年眼科护理计划的影响。方法：对2016年进行了对可避免的失明（RAAB）调查（RAAB）调查（在50岁及以上）的快速评估。参与者在Wurno Health Caths中选择了一个双级集群随机抽样，概率与大小成比例。操作定义是基于Raab和世界卫生组织眼科检查记录定义。被审查了眼科计划文件，2005年在2005年进行的基线调查的数据进行了重新分析。结果：在2016年调查中获得了89.1％（2405名参与者的2700人）的响应。通过可用纠正，失明的未经调整的患病率为7.7％（95％置信区间[CI]：6.4,8.9）。女性的失明的几率比男性比男性更高了1.8倍（95％Ci：1.3,2.4; p <0.001）。失明的主要原因是白内障（48.9％）角膜疾病（20.1％），青光眼（10.3％）和未经校正的屈光误差/蚜虫（8.7％）。在2005年的11.6％（95％CI：7.4,17.0）下降到2016年的6.6％（95％CI：7.4,17.0）下降了6.8％（95％CI：5.6,8.0％）。结论：失明率高，在健康区可以避免主要原因。调查结果表明，过去10年来计划的投资可能导致人口盲目的失明普遍存在几乎减半。然而，2005年505年从Wurno区50多年的人员的小样本大小，在比较2005年和2016年调查时需要警告。

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