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Nanoemulsion as an Effective Treatment against Human-Pathogenic Fungi

机译：纳米乳剂作为针对人致病性真菌的有效治疗方法

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Infections triggered by pathogenic fungi cause a serious threat to the public health care system. In particular, an increase of antifungal drug-resistant fungi has resulted in difficulty in treatment. A limited variety of antifungal drugs available to treat patients has left us in a situation where we need to develop new therapeutic approaches that are less prone to development of resistance by pathogenic fungi. In this study, we demonstrate the efficacy of the nanoemulsion NB-201, which utilizes the surfactant benzalkonium chloride, against human-pathogenic fungi. We found that NB-201 exhibited in vitro activity against Candida albicans , including both planktonic growth and biofilms. Furthermore, treatments with NB-201 significantly reduced the fungal burden at the infection site and presented an enhanced healing process after subcutaneous infections by multidrug-resistant C. albicans in a murine host system. NB-201 also exhibited in vitro growth inhibition activity against other fungal pathogens, including Cryptococcus spp., Aspergillus fumigatus , and Mucorales . Due to the nature of the activity of this nanoemulsion, there is a minimized chance of drug resistance developing, presenting a novel treatment to control fungal wound or skin infections. IMPORTANCE Advances in medicine have resulted in the discovery and implementation of treatments for human disease. While these recent advances have been beneficial, procedures such as solid-organ transplants and cancer treatments have left many patients in an immunocompromised state. Furthermore, the emergence of immunocompromising diseases such as HIV/AIDS or other immunosuppressive medical conditions have opened an opportunity for fungal infections to afflict patients globally. The development of drug resistance in human-pathogenic fungi and the limited array of antifungal drugs has left us in a scenario where we need to develop new therapeutic approaches to treat fungal infections that are less prone to the development of resistance by pathogenic fungi. The significance of our work lies in utilizing a novel nanoemulsion formulation to treat topical fungal infections while minimizing risks of drug resistance development.
机译：致病性真菌引发的感染对公共卫生保健系统产生严重威胁。特别是，增加抗真菌耐药真菌导致治疗难以治疗。可用于治疗患者的有限各种可用于治疗患者的抗真菌药物在某种情况下，我们需要开发新的治疗方法，这些方法不太容易发生于致病性真菌的抵抗力。在该研究中，我们证明了纳米乳液NB-201的功效，其利用表面活性剂苯扎氯酰氯，对抗人致病性真菌。我们发现NB-201对抗念珠菌的体外活动，包括浮游生物生长和生物膜。此外，具有Nb-201的治疗显着降低了感染部位的真菌负担，并通过多药抵抗抗体系统在鼠宿主系统中进行皮下感染后提高愈合过程。 NB-201还表现出对其他真菌病原体的体外生长抑制活性，包括Cryptococcus SPP。，曲霉，烟雾，和粘膜。由于该纳米乳液的活性的性质，存在耐药性的最小化可能性，呈现新的治疗，以控制真菌伤口或皮肤感染。医学的重要性进展导致了人类疾病治疗的发现和实施。虽然这些最近的进展是有益的，但固体器官移植和癌症治疗等程序使许多患者留在免疫普促状态。此外，免疫表现疾病如艾滋病毒/艾滋病或其他免疫抑制医疗病症的出现已经开启了真菌感染在全球患患者的机会。人致病性真菌和有限的抗真菌药物抗性抗性药物的发展使我们在一个场景中离开了我们，在这种情况下，我们需要开发新的治疗方法，以治疗真菌感染，以减轻致病性真菌的抗性的发展。我们的工作的重要性在于利用一种新型纳米乳液配方来治疗局部真菌感染，同时最大限度地减少耐药性风险。

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