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首页> 外文期刊>Roczniki Gleboznawcze >Suitability of World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB) to describe and classify chernozemic soils in Central Europe
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Suitability of World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB) to describe and classify chernozemic soils in Central Europe

机译：适合世界参考资料的土壤资源（WRB）来描述和分类中欧的Chernozemic土壤

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Chernozemic soils are distinguished based on the presence of thick, black or very dark, rich in humus, well-structural and base-saturated topsoil horizon, and the accumulation of secondary carbonates within soil profile. In Central Europe these soils occur in variable forms, respectively to climate gradients, position in the landscape, moisture regime, land use, and erosion/accumulation intensity. “Typical” chernozems, correlated with Calcic or Haplic Chernozems, are similarly positioned at basic classification level in the national soil classifications in Poland, Slovakia and Hungary, and in WRB. Chernozemic soils at various stages of their transformation are placed in Chernozems, Phaeozems or Kastanozems, supplied with respective qualifiers, e.g. Cambic, Luvic, Salic/Protosalic, Sodic/Protosodic etc. Some primeval Chernozems thinned by erosion may still fulfil criteria of Chernozems, but commonly are shifted to Calcisols. Soils upbuilt (aggraded) with colluvial additions may also retain their original placement in Chernozems, getting supplementary qualifier Colluvic. “Hydromorphic” chernozemic soils, in many CE systems are placed as separate soil type (“czarne ziemie” or “?iernice”) at the same level with “typical” chernozems. Classification of these soils in WRB depends on the presence of chernic horizon, depth of secondary carbonate accumulation and depth of gleyic/stagnic properties, and may vary from Gleyic/Stagnic Chernozems/Phaeozems to Mollic Gleysols/Stagnosols. Although WRB classification differs from national classifications in the concepts and priorities of classification, it provides large opportunity to reflect the spatial variability and various stages of transformation/degradation of chernozemic soils in Central Europe.
机译：基于厚度，黑色或非常黑暗，肥料，结构良好的饱和度的表土地平线的存在，以及土壤分析中的二次碳酸盐的积累，基于厚度，黑色或非常黑暗，富含厚度，黑色或非常黑暗的土壤，以及积累的次要碳酸盐。在中欧中，这些土壤以可变形式发生，分别以气候梯度，景观，湿度制度，土地利用和侵蚀/累积强度的位置。 “典型的”Chernozems与钙或翻盖Chernozem相关，类似地定位在波兰，斯洛伐克和匈牙利的国家土壤分类中的基本分类水平。将其转化的各个阶段的Chereozemic土壤置于Chernozems，Phaeozems或Kastanozems，其各自的限定者提供，例如， Cambic，Luvic，Salic / Protosalic，Sodic / Protosodic等一些由侵蚀而变薄的原始Chernozems可能仍然满足Chernozems的标准，但通常转移到Calcisols。土壤上建造（GROWADED）与抗菌添加剂也可以在CHERNOZEMS中保留其原始安置，获得补充资格次数。 “潮湿的”Chernozemation土壤，在许多CE系统中被置于与“典型”Chernozems相同的水平的单独土壤类型（“Czarne Ziemie”或“ΔIernice”）。 WRB中这些土壤的分类取决于嵌入式地平线的存在，二级碳酸酯积聚和林/床上特性的深度，并且可能因林/雄蛋白/ Phaeozems到莫尔氏菌和雄糖醇而异。尽管WRB分类与分类概念和优先事项的国家分类不同，但它提供了大量的机会，以反映中欧的空间变异性和各种转型/降解的各个阶段。

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