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首页> 外文期刊>Science Advances >Folk standards of sound judgment: Rationality Versus Reasonableness
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Folk standards of sound judgment: Rationality Versus Reasonableness

机译：合理判断的民间标准：合理性与合理性

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Normative theories of judgment either focus on rationality (decontextualized preference maximization) or reasonableness (pragmatic balance of preferences and socially conscious norms). Despite centuries of work on these concepts, a critical question appears overlooked: How do people’s intuitions and behavior align with the concepts of rationality from game theory and reasonableness from legal scholarship? We show that laypeople view rationality as abstract and preference maximizing, simultaneously viewing reasonableness as sensitive to social context, as evidenced in spontaneous descriptions, social perceptions, and linguistic analyses of cultural products (news, soap operas, legal opinions, and Google books). Further, experiments among North Americans and Pakistani bankers, street merchants, and samples engaging in exchange (versus market) economy show that rationality and reasonableness lead people to different conclusions about what constitutes good judgment in Dictator Games, Commons Dilemma, and Prisoner’s Dilemma: Lay rationality is reductionist and instrumental, whereas reasonableness integrates preferences with particulars and moral concerns.
机译：判断的规范性理论，重点关注合理性（Decontextuallized偏好最大化）或合理性（偏好的务实平衡和社会有意识的规范）。尽管这些概念几个世纪的工作，但忽视了一个关键问题：人们的直觉和行为如何与博弈论和合理奖学金合理性的理念对齐？我们表明，Paypeople认为合理性是摘要和偏好最大化，同时将合理性视为对社会背景敏感的，如自发的描述，社会看法和文化产品的语言分析（新闻，肥皂剧，法律意见和谷歌书籍）所证明。此外，北美和巴基斯坦银行家，街头商人和采样的实验，从事换货（与市场）经济，表明，合理性和合理性引领人们对不同的结论，了解了对独裁游戏，妇女困境和囚犯困境的良好判断的结论：奠定了理性是还原和仪器，而合理性与详情和道德问题纳入偏好。

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