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首页> 外文期刊>PLoS Genetics >Evolution of Ty1 copy number control in yeast by horizontal transfer and recombination
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Evolution of Ty1 copy number control in yeast by horizontal transfer and recombination

机译：TY1水平转印和重组酵母中TY1拷贝数控制的演变

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Transposable elements constitute a large fraction of most eukaryotic genomes. Insertion of mobile DNA sequences typically has deleterious effects on host fitness, and thus diverse mechanisms have evolved to control mobile element proliferation. Mobility of the Ty1 retrotransposon in Saccharomyces yeasts is regulated by copy number control (CNC) mediated by a self-encoded restriction factor derived from the Ty1 gag capsid gene that inhibits virus-like particle function. Here, we survey a panel of wild and human-associated strains of S . cerevisiae and S . paradoxus to investigate how genomic Ty1 content influences variation in Ty1 mobility. We observe high levels of mobility for a tester element with a gag sequence from the canonical Ty1 subfamily in permissive strains that either lack full-length Ty1 elements or only contain full-length copies of the Ty1’ subfamily that have a divergent gag sequence. In contrast, low levels of canonical Ty1 mobility are observed in restrictive strains carrying full-length Ty1 elements containing a canonical gag sequence. Phylogenomic analysis of full-length Ty1 elements revealed that Ty1’ is the ancestral subfamily present in wild strains of S . cerevisiae , and that canonical Ty1 in S . cerevisiae is a derived subfamily that acquired gag from S . paradoxus by horizontal transfer and recombination. Our results provide evidence that variation in the ability of S . cerevisiae and S . paradoxus strains to repress canonical Ty1 transposition via CNC is regulated by the genomic content of different Ty1 subfamilies, and that self-encoded forms of transposon control can spread across species boundaries by horizontal transfer.
机译：转移元素构成大部分最真核基因组。移动DNA序列的插入通常对宿主健身具有有害影响，因此多样化的机制已经发展以控制移动元件增殖。通过由衍生自抑制病毒样颗粒功能的TY1 GAG衣壳基因的自编码限制因子介导的复制数控制（CNC）来调节TY1 Reckotroanson的迁移性。在这里，我们调查了一个野生和人类相关的s菌株。酿酒酵母和s。悖论探讨基因组TY1内容如何影响TY1移动性的变化。我们观察到具有从规范Ty1亚家族的GAG序列的测试仪元件的高水平的移动性，其允许全长TY1元件或仅包含具有发散的GAG序列的TY1'亚家族的全长副本。相反，在承载含有规范堵塞序列的全长TY1元件的限制性菌株中观察到低水平的规范TY1迁移率。全长TY1元素的系统核发科学分析表明，TY1'是野生菌株中的祖先亚家族。酿酒酵母，以及典型的TY1。酿酒酵母是一种衍生的亚家族，从S中获取了GAG。通过水平转移和重组的悖论。我们的结果提供了S.S的能力变化的证据。酿酒酵母和s。通过CNC抑制规范TY1转置的悖论菌株由不同TY1亚壳的基因组含量调节，并且通过水平转移可以通过水平转移来分布自编码形式的转座控制。

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