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Predicting the spread-risk potential of chronic wasting disease to sympatric ungulate species

机译：预测慢性浪费疾病的蔓延危险潜力对分子脱鼠霉素

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Wildlife disease incidence is increasing, resulting in negative impacts on the economy, biodiversity, and potentially human health. Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a fatal, transmissible spongiform encephalopathy of cervids (wild and captive) which continues to spread geographically resulting in exposure to potential new host species. The disease agent (PrP CWD ) is a misfolded conformer of the cellular prion protein (PrP C ). In Canada, the disease is endemic in Alberta and Saskatchewan, affecting mule and white-tail deer, with lesser impact on elk and moose. As the disease continues to expand, additional wild ungulate species including bison, bighorn sheep, mountain goat, and pronghorn antelope may be exposed. To better understand the species-barrier, we reviewed the current literature on taxa naturally or experimentally exposed to CWD to identify susceptible and resistant species. We created a phylogeny of these taxa using cytochrome B and found that CWD susceptibility followed the species phylogeny. Using this phylogeny we estimated the probability of CWD susceptibility for wild ungulate species. We then compared PrP C amino acid polymorphisms among these species to identify which sites segregated between susceptible and resistant species. We identified sites that were significantly associated with susceptibility, but they were not fully discriminating. Finally, we sequenced Prnp from 578 wild ungulates to further evaluate their potential susceptibility. Together, these data suggest the host-range for CWD will potentially include pronghorn, mountain goat and bighorn sheep, but bison are likely to be more resistant. These findings highlight the need for monitoring potentially susceptible species as CWD continues to expand.
机译：野生动物疾病发病率越来越大，导致对经济，生物多样性和潜在人类健康产生负面影响。慢性浪费疾病（CWD）是肝脏（野生和俘虏）的致命，传染性的海绵状脑病，其继续在地理上传播导致潜在的新宿主物种。疾病药剂（PRP CWD）是细胞朊病毒蛋白（PRP C）的错误折叠簇。在加拿大，该疾病在艾伯塔省和萨斯喀彻温省的地方，影响了骡子和白尾鹿，对麋鹿和驼鹿产生了较小的影响。随着疾病的持续扩张，可能会露出包括野牛，大角羊，山羊和叉角羚羊在内的额外野生脱羊肉种类。为了更好地了解物种障碍，我们在自然或实验暴露于CWD以识别易感和抗性物种的当前文献。我们使用细胞色素B创建了这些征草的系统发作，发现CWD易感性遵循物种系统。使用这种系统发育，我们估计了CWD易感性对野生脱杆菌的可能性。然后，我们将PrP C氨基酸多态性比较了这些物种中的，以确定哪些位点在易感和抗性物种之间进行隔离。我们确定了与易感性显着相关的网站，但它们并非完全辨别。最后，我们测序了578个野生UnoCulates的PRNP，以进一步评估它们的潜在易感性。这些数据表明CWD的主机范围可能包括Pronghorn，Mountain Goat和Bighorn Sheep，但野牛可能会更具抵抗力。这些发现强调了对CWD继续扩大的潜在易感物种的需要。

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