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首页> 外文期刊>The FASEB Journal >Exploring the mechanistic bases of heterosis from the perspective of macromolecular complexes
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Exploring the mechanistic bases of heterosis from the perspective of macromolecular complexes

机译：从大分子复合物的角度探索杂种优势的机械基础

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Heterosis is defined as greater biomass, fertility or other traits in heterozygotes, polyploids or hybrids compared to their genetically divergent (often homozygous) parents. Heterosis was noticed by various civilizations and scientifically reported by Darwin himself. Despite the importance of heterosis, its molecular bases are still enigmatic. Several genetic models have been proposed but fail to give mechanistic insights. Here we show how dominant negative interactions might give rise to heterotic responses. We also explore a biochemical model of gene dosage effects in macromolecular complexes in a similar context. With the help of heuristic examples and computer simulations we find that heterotic individuals display higher allelic diversity and smaller average multimer concentrations than nonheterotic ones. As intuitively expected, the existence of heterosis involving multimeric complexes arises when the inbred parents have on average smaller genetic values than the maximum possible. Despite its simplicity, the dosage model accounts for the puzzling phenomenon of “progressive heterosis” in which polyploids with increasing genetic diversity exhibit progressively greater heterosis.—Veitia, R. A., Vaiman, D. Exploring the mechanistic bases of heterosis from the perspective of macromolecular complexes.
机译：杂种优势定义为杂合子，杂合子，多倍体或杂种中的较大生物质，生育或其他特征，与其遗传发散（通常是纯合）父母相比。通过各种文明注意到杂种元源，并由达尔文本人科学报告。尽管杂种优势的重要性，其分子基仍然是神秘的。已经提出了几种遗传模型，但未能给予机械洞察力。在这里，我们展示了主导的负面相互作用可能会产生异性反应。我们还在类似的背景下探索大分子复合物中基因剂量效应的生化模型。在启发式示例和计算机模拟的帮助下，我们发现异性个体表现出更高的等位基因多样性和较小的平均多聚体浓度，而不是不健康。随着直观的预期，当近交父母平均遗传值比最大遗传值平均较小的遗传值时，出现了涉及多聚体复合物的杂种优势的存在。尽管其简单性，剂量模型占“进行杂种优势”的令人费解的现象，其中遗传多样性随着遗传多样性的增加而逐渐更大的杂种优势。 - Veitia，Ra，Vaiman，D。从大分子综合体的角度探索杂种优势的机械基础。

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