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首页> 外文期刊>The Open Agriculture Journal >The Current Status and Constraints of Drought-Tolerant Maize Adoption in Uganda
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The Current Status and Constraints of Drought-Tolerant Maize Adoption in Uganda

机译：乌干达干旱宽玉米采用的现状及约束

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摘要

Agriculture is an economic backbone of many sub-Saharan African countries, including Uganda. However, the country is grappling with slow agricultural development and food insecurity. Concurrently, Uganda faces climatic challenges that likely become further constraints for agricultural production. Maize is one of its major crops and serves as a food and cash crop for smallholders. However, its productivity remains low. To improve maize productivity under increasing temperatures and droughts, drought-tolerant maize (DTM) has been released, but it is not widely adopted. The objective of this study is, therefore, to review the current situation of DTM adoption in Uganda and identify characteristic differences between adopters and non-adopters and possible constraints for wider adoption. In doing so, available literature, policy documents and relevant reports on the subject were reviewed. The systemic approach was not feasible due to limited availability of reliable sources. Drought-tolerant maize adopters in Uganda appeared to be better endowed with production resources such as larger farmland, be more informed, educated and experienced, have a larger household, use more inputs more efficiently, earn higher income and harvest better yield. Major constraints to DTM adoption included lack of awareness, limited seed availability and accessibility, complementary input requirement, existing DTM attributes and dubious market quality of seed and fertilizer. These constraints and adoption characteristics seemed intertwined as a virtuous or vicious cycle for DTM adoption. Although a broad range of DTM adoption constraints is identified at a household, market and national level, DTM can be an effective means to improve maize productivity under climatic challenges in Uganda. To promote its adoption, the government should take more supportive measures and effective strategies for sustainable DTM uptake.
机译：农业是许多撒哈拉以南非洲国家的经济骨干，包括乌干达。然而，该国正在努力，农业发展缓慢和粮食不安全。同时，乌干达面临可能成为农业生产的进一步限制的气候挑战。玉米是其主要作物之一，并作为小农的食品和现金作物。但是，它的生产力仍然很低。为了提高温度和干旱在增加的温度下提高玉米生产力，释放出耐旱玉米（DTM），但不得不广泛采用。因此，本研究的目的是审查乌干达的DTM采用的当前情况，并确定采用者和非采用者之间的特征差异，以及对更广泛的采用的可能约束。在此过程中，审查了可用的文献，政策文件和相关报告。由于可靠来源的可用性有限，系统方法是不可行的。乌干达的耐旱玉米采用者似乎更好地赋予了较大的农田等生产资源，更新，受过教育和经验丰富，拥有更大的家庭，更有效地使用更多的投入，获得更高的收入和收获更好的收益。对DTM采用的主要限制包括缺乏意识，有限的种子可用性和可访问性，互补的投入要求，现有的DTM属性以及种子和肥料的可疑的市场质量。这些约束和采用特征似乎被交织在一起，作为DTM采用的良性或恶性循环。虽然在家庭，市场和国家层面确定了广泛的DTM采用约束，但DTM可以是在乌干达的气候挑战下提高玉米生产力的有效手段。为促进其采用，政府应采取更多的支持措施和有效的可持续DTM吸收战略。

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