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Foodborne Botulism: Clinical Diagnosis and Medical Treatment

机译：食源性肉毒杆菌：临床诊断和医疗

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Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) produced by Clostridia species are the most potent identified natural toxins. Classically, the toxic neurological syndrome is characterized by an (afebrile) acute symmetric descending flaccid paralysis. The most know typical clinical syndrome of botulism refers to the foodborne form. All different forms are characterized by the same symptoms, caused by toxin-induced neuromuscular paralysis. The diagnosis of botulism is essentially clinical, as well as the decision to apply the specific antidotal treatment. The role of the laboratory is mandatory to confirm the clinical suspicion in relation to regulatory agencies, to identify the BoNTs involved and the source of intoxication. The laboratory diagnosis of foodborne botulism is based on the detection of BoNTs in clinical specimens/food samples and the isolation of BoNT from stools. Foodborne botulism intoxication is often underdiagnosed; the initial symptoms can be confused with more common clinical conditions (i.e., stroke, myasthenia gravis, Guillain–Barré syndrome—Miller–Fisher variant, Eaton–Lambert syndrome, tick paralysis and shellfish or tetrodotoxin poisoning). The treatment includes procedures for decontamination, antidote administration and, when required, support of respiratory function; few differences are related to the different way of exposure.
机译：由梭菌种类产生的肉毒杆菌神经毒素（令人骨折）是最有效的鉴定的天然毒素。经典上，毒性神经综合征的特征在于（半衰期）急性对称下降的弛缓性瘫痪。最知名的典型临床综合征是指食源性形式。所有不同的形式都具有相同的症状，由毒素诱导的神经瘫痪引起的症状。肉毒杆菌主义的诊断基本上是临床的，以及应用特定的抗病变治疗的决定。实验室的作用是必须确认与监管机构有关的临床怀疑，以确定所涉及的涉及的骚动和毒性来源。食物造成肉毒株的实验室诊断基于临床标本/食物样品中的骚动和粪便中的孤立。食源性肉类主义醉酒往往是未被诊断的;最初的症状可以混淆更常见的临床病症（即，中风，肌肌肌肌，Gigillain-Barré综合征 - 米尔渔民体变体，伊顿兰伯特综合征，蜱瘫和贝类或四叶毒素中毒）。该治疗包括去污，解毒给药的程序，以及在所需时，支持呼吸功能;很少有差异与不同的曝光方式有关。

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