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首页> 外文期刊>Atmospheric chemistry and physics >Novel approaches to improve estimates of short-lived halocarbon emissions during summer from the Southern Ocean using airborne observations
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Novel approaches to improve estimates of short-lived halocarbon emissions during summer from the Southern Ocean using airborne observations

机译：使用空气传播观察改善夏季海洋夏季短期卤代碳排放估计的新方法

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Fluxes of halogenated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) over the Southern Ocean remain poorly understood, and few atmospheric measurements exist to constrain modeled emissions of these compounds. We present observations of CHBr3, CH2Br2, CH3I, CHClBr2, CHBrCl2, and CH3Br during the O2∕N2 Ratio and CO2 Airborne Southern Ocean (ORCAS) study and the second Atmospheric Tomography mission (ATom-2) in January and February of 2016 and 2017. Good model–measurement correlations were obtained between these observations and simulations from the Community Earth System Model (CESM) atmospheric component with chemistry (CAM-Chem) for CHBr3, CH2Br2, CH3I, and CHClBr2 but all showed significant differences in model : measurement ratios. The model : measurement comparison for CH3Br was satisfactory and for CHBrCl2 the low levels present precluded us from making a complete assessment. Thereafter, we demonstrate two novel approaches to estimate halogenated VOC fluxes; the first approach takes advantage of the robust relationships that were found between airborne observations of O2 and CHBr3, CH2Br2, and CHClBr2. We use these linear regressions with O2 and modeled O2 distributions to infer a biological flux of halogenated VOCs. The second approach uses the Stochastic Time-Inverted Lagrangian Transport (STILT) particle dispersion model to explore the relationships between observed mixing ratios and the product of the upstream surface influence of sea ice, chl?a, absorption due to detritus, and downward shortwave radiation at the surface, which in turn relate to various regional hypothesized sources of halogenated VOCs such as marine phytoplankton, phytoplankton in sea-ice brines, and decomposing organic matter in surface seawater. These relationships can help evaluate the likelihood of particular halogenated VOC sources and in the case of statistically significant correlations, such as was found for CH3I, may be used to derive an estimated flux field. Our results are consistent with a biogenic regional source of CHBr3 and both nonbiological and biological sources of CH3I over these regions.
机译：南海洋卤化挥发性有机化合物（VOC）的助熔剂仍然明朗地理解，存在很少的大气测量来限制这些化合物的模型排放。我们在2016年1月和2月的O2 / N2比率和CO2空中南海（ORCAS）研究和二氧化碳分离术中的第二次大气断层扫描任务（OROM-2）期间呈现触发器3，CH2BR2，CH3I，CHCLBR2，CH311和CH3BR的观察结果。在来自社区地球系统模型（CESM）大气组分的这些观察结果和模拟之间获得了良好的模型测量相关性，用于Chbr3，Ch 2Br2，CH3I和Chclbr2，但在模型中显示出显着差异：测量比。该模型：CH3BR的测量比较令人满意，并且对于CHBRCL2的低水平呈现出完全评估。此后，我们展示了两种估计卤化VOC势量的新方法;第一种方法利用了O2和CHBR3，CH2BR2和CHCLBR2的空气传播观察之间发现的稳健关系。我们使用这些线性回归与O2和建模的O2分布来推断出卤化VOC的生物通量。第二种方法使用随机时代倒拉格朗日传输（高跷）粒子分散模型来探讨观察到的混合比和海冰的上游表面影响的产品之间的关系，Chlα，由于碎屑而吸收，以及向下的短波辐射在表面，这反过来涉及各种区域假设卤化VOC的来源，例如海洋浮游植物，海冰盐水浮游植物，并在表面海水中分解有机物。这些关系可以有助于评估特定卤化VOC源的可能性，并且在统计学上显着的相关性的情况下，可以使用诸如CH3i的诸如CH3i的情况来获得估计的助焊场。我们的结果与这些地区的生物区域来源一致，生物区域呼吸源和CH3i的非生物学和生物学来源。

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