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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Molecular Sciences >Platelets in Healthy and Disease States: From Biomarkers Discovery to Drug Targets Identification by Proteomics
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Platelets in Healthy and Disease States: From Biomarkers Discovery to Drug Targets Identification by Proteomics

机译:健康和疾病状态的血小板:从蛋白质组学发现生物标志物发现药物目标鉴定

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Platelets are a heterogeneous small anucleate blood cell population with a central role both in physiological haemostasis and in pathological states, spanning from thrombosis to inflammation, and cancer. Recent advances in proteomic studies provided additional important information concerning the platelet biology and the response of platelets to several pathophysiological pathways. Platelets circulate systemically and can be easily isolated from human samples, making proteomic application very interesting for characterizing the complexity of platelet functions in health and disease as well as for identifying and quantifying potential platelet proteins as biomarkers and novel antiplatelet therapeutic targets. To date, the highly dynamic protein content of platelets has been studied in resting and activated platelets, and several subproteomes have been characterized including platelet-derived microparticles, platelet granules, platelet releasates, platelet membrane proteins, and specific platelet post-translational modifications. In this review, a critical overview is provided on principal platelet proteomic studies focused on platelet biology from signaling to granules content, platelet proteome changes in several diseases, and the impact of drugs on platelet functions. Moreover, recent advances in quantitative platelet proteomics are discussed, emphasizing the importance of targeted quantification methods for more precise, robust and accurate quantification of selected proteins, which might be used as biomarkers for disease diagnosis, prognosis and therapy, and their strong clinical impact in the near future.
机译:血小板是一种非均相小的血细胞血细胞群,在生理血症和病理状态下,跨越血栓形成和癌症的核心作用。蛋白质组学研究的最新进展提供了关于血小板生物学和血小板对几种病理生理途径的响应的额外重要信息。血小板全身循环,可以容易地从人体上分离出来,使蛋白质组学应用非常有趣,用于表征血小板功能在健康和疾病中的复杂性以及鉴定和定量潜在的血小板蛋白作为生物标志物和新的抗血小蛋白治疗靶标。迄今为止,已经在静息和活化的血小板中研究了血小板的高度动态蛋白质含量,并且已经表征了几种亚甲甲醚,包括血小板衍生的微粒,血小板颗粒,血小板释放,血小板膜蛋白和特定血小板翻译后修饰。在本次审查中,在主要血小板蛋白质组学研究中提供了关键概览,其专注于血小板生物学从信号传导至颗粒含量,血小板蛋白质组变化的几种疾病,以及药物对血小板功能的影响。此外,讨论了最近的定量血小板蛋白质组学的进展,强调了针对性定量方法对所选择的蛋白质的更精确,鲁棒和准确定量的重要性,这可能被用作疾病诊断,预后和治疗的生物标志物,以及它们的强烈临床影响不久的将来。

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