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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Molecular Sciences >Contribution of P2X4 Receptors to CNS Function and Pathophysiology
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Contribution of P2X4 Receptors to CNS Function and Pathophysiology

机译：P2x4受体对CNS功能和病理生理学的贡献

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摘要

The release and extracellular action of ATP are a widespread mechanism for cell-to-cell communication in living organisms through activation of P2X and P2Y receptors expressed at the cell surface of most tissues, including the nervous system. Among ionototropic receptors, P2X4 receptors have emerged in the last decade as a potential target for CNS disorders such as epilepsy, ischemia, chronic pain, anxiety, multiple sclerosis and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the role of P2X4 receptor in each pathology ranges from beneficial to detrimental, although the mechanisms are still mostly unknown. P2X4 is expressed at low levels in CNS cells including neurons and glial cells. In normal conditions, P2X4 activation contributes to synaptic transmission and synaptic plasticity. Importantly, one of the genes present in the transcriptional program of myeloid cell activation is P2X4. Microglial P2X4 upregulation, the P2X4 + state of microglia, seems to be common in most acute and chronic neurodegenerative diseases associated with inflammation. In this review, we summarize knowledge about the role of P2X4 receptors in the CNS physiology and discuss potential pitfalls and open questions about the therapeutic potential of blocking or potentiation of P2X4 for different pathologies.
机译：ATP的释放和细胞外作用是通过在大多数组织细胞表面表达的P2X和P2Y受体激活生物体中的细胞对细胞通信的广泛机制。在离子调节受体中，P2X4受体在过去十年中出现了CNS疾病，例如癫痫，缺血，慢性疼痛，焦虑，多发性硬化和神经变性疾病等CNS疾病的潜在目标。然而，P2X4受体在每个病理学中的作用范围从有益于不利，尽管机制仍然大多是未知的。 P2x4在包括神经元和神经胶质细胞的CNS细胞中以低水平表达。在正常情况下，P2X4激活有助于突触传递和突触可塑性。重要的是，存在于骨髓细胞激活的转录程序中存在的基因之一是p2x4。微胶质P2x4上调，P2X4 +微胶质瘤似乎是常见与炎症相关的最急性和慢性神经变性疾病。在本综述中，我们总结了关于P2X4受体在CNS生理学中的作用的知识，并讨论潜在的缺陷，并对不同病理学的抗扰或增强的治疗潜力的开放性问题。

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