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Magnetic nanocomposite based on polyacrylic acid and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal for the removal of cationic dye

机译：基于聚丙烯酸和羧化纤维素纳米晶体去除阳离子染料的磁性纳米复合材料

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The development of safe and cost-effective methods for the treatment of dye polluted wastewater has been a great concern among researchers. Herein, we developed a nanocomposite (M3D–PAA–CCN) based on polyacrylic acid (PAA) crosslinked with magnetic 3D crosslinkers (M3D) and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (CCN), for the removal of cationic dyes from aqueous solutions. Acrylic-functionalized Fe _(3) O _(4) nanoparticles were covalently linked to the polymer chains via the form of the 3D crosslinker to introduce magnetic properties into the as-synthesized nanocomposite. The addition of highly dispersive CCN reduced the gel-like properties of the nanocomposite and instead incorporated a diffusive nature, which was more desirable for adsorbents. The surface morphology of the nanocomposite was analyzed by FESEM and the size of the nanocomposite particles was found to be in the range of 60–90 nm. The chemical functionalities and compositions were determined by XPS, FTIR, and EDX analyses whereas TGA confirmed the thermal stability of M3D–PAA–CCN. The maximum adsorption capacity of the M3D–PAA–CCN (332 mg g ~(?1) ) was measured higher than that of M3D–PAA (114 mg g ~(?1) ) to a cationic methylene blue (MB) dye indicating the significant contribution of CCN. The adsorption capacity of the as-synthesized M3D–PAA–CCN was found to be highly pH-dependent and the adsorption capacity increased with the increase of pH owing to the greater negative charge as indicated by the higher zeta potential. The adsorption kinetics of MB on the composites was found to follow the pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption capacity was also investigated as a function of concentration to figure out the adsorption mechanism using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The Langmuir model fitted the adsorption process better as suggested by the relatively smaller nonlinear chi-square value obtained from the fitting parameters.
机译：为染料污染废水进行安全和成本效益的方法，对研究人员来说是一个很大的关注。在此，我们在与磁性3D交联剂（M3D）和羧化纤维素纳米晶体（CCN）交联的聚丙烯酸（PAA）开发了一种纳米复合材料（PAA），用于从水溶液中除去阳离子染料。通过3D交联剂的形式将丙烯酸官能化Fe _（3）α（4）纳米颗粒通过3D交联剂的形式与聚合物链共价连接，以将磁性引入AS合成的纳米复合材料中。添加高度分散的CCN减少了纳米复合材料的凝胶状性质，而是掺入扩散性质，这对于吸附剂更为希望。通过FeSEM分析纳米复合材料的表面形态，发现纳米复合粒子的尺寸为60-90nm。通过XPS，FTIR和EDX分析测定化学功能和组合物，而TGA证实了M3D-PAA-CCN的热稳定性。测量M3D-PAA-CCN的最大吸附容量（332mg g〜（α1）），比M3D-PAA（114mg g〜））高于阳离子亚甲基蓝（MB）染料表示CCN的重大贡献。发现AS合成的M3D-PAA-CCN的吸附容量是高度pH依赖性，并且由于较高的Zeta电位所示的负电荷而增加，吸附能力随着pH值的增加而增加。发现复合材料上的MB的吸附动力学遵循伪二阶模型。还研究了吸附能力作为浓度的函数，以弄清楚使用Langmuir和Freundlich等温线模型的吸附机制。 Langmuir模型拟合吸附过程更好地提出从拟合参数获得的相对较小的非线性Chi-quale值。

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