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Functionalized MWCNTs in improving the performance and biocompatibility of potential hemodialysis membranes

机译：在提高潜在血液透析膜的性能和生物相容性方面的功能化MWCNT

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The need to develop innovative types of hemodialysis membranes stems from the increasing incidence of renal failure and the abysmally low availability of healthy kidneys for transplantation. We aim to improve the efficiency and biocompatibility of hemodialysis membranes by the incorporation of functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes/polyvinyl pyrrolidone (f-MWCNTs/PVP) composites into the polyetherimide membrane matrix. The mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, porosity, thermo-gravimetric analysis, etc. The change in cross-sectional and top surface morphology of the flat sheet mixed matrix membranes could be observed using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The improvement in the hydrophilicity was confirmed by the smaller water contact angle values observed. Membranes with higher concentration of the f-MWCNTs exhibited significant creatinine adsorption from model solutions in static conditions. These membranes when challenged with model protein solutions (albumin, globulin, and fibrinogen), displayed a significant depression in the quantity of proteins adsorbed, which is an indication of enhanced biocompatibility. Moreover, the membranes also prolonged blood coagulation time, suppressed attachment/activation of platelets and prevented hemolysis of the contacted red blood cells. The improvement of Chang Liver cell viability evidenced by formazan adsorption and the double cell staining technique is an indication of the cytocompatibility of these MMMs. Hollow fiber membranes of the same composition were prepared and potted into a module so as to create an effective surface area of 0.7 m ~(2) . The ultrafiltration coefficient, human serum albumin retention, was evaluated and found to be superior for these prepared membrane modules. These mixed matrix hollow fiber membranes demonstrated a greater removal of uremic toxins due to adsorption as well as diffusion. These membranes should be further investigated as potential blood purification systems.
机译：需要开发创新类型的血液透析膜源于肾功能衰竭的发病率越来越多，对移植的健康肾脏的深度较低的可用性。我们的目标是通过将官能化的多壁碳纳米管/聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（F-MWCNTS / PVP）复合物掺入聚醚酰亚胺膜基质中来提高血液透析膜的效率和生物相容性。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱，孔隙率，热重量分析等表征混合基质膜（MMM）。使用扫描电子显微镜和原子可以观察到平板混合基质膜的横截面和顶表面形态的变化力显微镜。通过观察到的较小的水接触角值证实了亲水性的改善。具有较高浓度F-MWCNT的膜表现出从静态条件下的模型溶液的显着肌酐吸附。当用模型蛋白质溶液（白蛋白，球蛋白和纤维蛋白原）攻击时，这些膜在吸附的蛋白质的量中显示出显着的抑郁症，这是增强生物相容性的指示。此外，膜还延长了血液凝固时间，抑制了血小板的附着/活化并防止了接触的红细胞的溶血。由甲烷吸附和双细胞染色技术证明的Chang肝细胞活力的改善是这些MMM的细胞组合的指示。制备相同组合物的中空纤维膜并培养到模块中，以产生0.7m〜（2）的有效表面积。评估超滤系数，人血清白蛋白保留，并发现这些制备的膜模块优于优异。这些混合基质中空纤维膜由于吸附和扩散而表现出更大的尿毒毒素除去。应进一步研究这些膜作为潜在的血液净化系统。

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