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Generation of open-ended, worm-like and graphene-like structures from layered spherical carbon materials

机译：从层状球形碳材料产生开放式，蠕虫和石墨烯和石墨烯结构

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A study of the effects of size dispersion of Au@SiO _(2) spheres and silica sphere templates for the synthesis of hollow carbon structures was evaluated using a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) nanocasting method. The diameter of the template, the presence of the gold nanoparticles and the polyvinylpyrrolidone (to cap the Au particles) were found to determine the size, thickness and shape of the synthesized carbon nanostructures. The Au@monodispersed small-sized silica sphere (80–110 nm) template covered with carbon followed by removal of silica produced broken hollow carbon spheres, whereas an equivalent Au@monodispersed large-sized silica sphere (110–150 nm) template produced hollow carbon spheres with a complete carbon shell. Monodispersed and polydispersed pristine silica spheres without Au produced hollow carbon spheres with complete and deformed carbon shells, respectively. Polyvinylpyrrolidone addition to polydispersed SiO _(2) spheres, followed by carbonization with toluene (1 h) and SiO _(2) removal, produced wormlike carbon structures. Carbonization (and SiO _(2) removal) of Au@polydispersed silica spheres for a short carbonization time (1 h) gave a layered carbon nanosheet while at intermediate and longer carbonization times (2–4 h) gave nanotube-like (or worm-like) carbon structures. Raman spectra confirmed the formation of the graphitic nature of the carbon materials. These results highlight the potential use of Au@carbon coreshell structures for the generation of few layered graphene-like unusual nanostructures. As a proof of concept, the wormlike carbon structures were incorporated in organic solar cells and found to give a measurable photovoltaic response.
机译：使用化学气相沉积（CVD）纳米占方法评估了Au @ SiO_（2）球体和二氧化硅球模板对中空碳结构合成的效果的研究。发现模板的直径，发现金纳米颗粒和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（以覆盖Au颗粒）确定合成碳纳米结构的尺寸，厚度和形状。用碳覆盖的Au @单分散的小型二氧化硅球（80-110 nm）模板，然后去除二氧化硅产生破碎的中空碳球，而等效的Au @单分散的大型二氧化硅球（110-150nm）模板生产的空心碳球与完整的碳壳。单分散和多分散的原始二氧化硅球体，没有Au产生的中空碳球，分别具有完全和变形的碳壳。聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮添加到多分散的SiO_（2）球，然后用甲苯（1h）和SiO_（2）去除，产生蠕虫碳结构。用于短碳化时间（1小时）的Au @多分散的二氧化硅球的碳化（和SiO _（2）除去）在中间体和较长的碳化时间（2-4小时）上进行了层状碳纳米液，得到纳米管状（或蠕虫 - 状）碳结构。拉曼光谱证实了碳材料的图形性质的形成。这些结果突出了Au @碳素鞘壳结构的潜在用途，用于产生几种层状石墨烯的异常纳米结构。作为概念证据，蠕虫状碳结构掺入有机太阳能电池中，发现得到可测量的光伏反应。

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