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The role of solubility and critical temperatures for the efficiency of sorbitol clarifiers in polypropylene

机译：溶解度和临界温度在聚丙烯中山梨糖醇澄清剂效率的作用

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The optical properties of polypropylene (PP) were modified by nine different sorbitol type clarifiers available commercially or synthesized in the study. The solubility of the clarifiers in PP was estimated by thermodynamic model calculations. The results showed that the solubility of these additives in PP is small, a few 1000 ppm at most. Solubility is determined by the chemical structure of the sorbitol, and the heat of fusion of the latter changes solubility by at least one order of magnitude. Solubility can be estimated reasonably by the Flory–Huggins lattice theory. The morphology of most sorbitols transforms at a temperature much below their melting point upon heating. This transformation, which is accompanied by crystal perfection, seems to influence melting and solubility. A fibrillar structure forms upon the cooling of molten sorbitols, but the diameter of the fibrils is much larger than those forming in the polymer melt. The nucleating effect of the clarifier depends on solubility, but also on processing conditions. Nucleus density is related to the amount of dissolved clarifier. A close correlation was found between the Flory–Huggins interaction parameter of sorbitols and the smallest achievable haze, which can be explained by the effect of solubility and nucleus density.
机译：聚丙烯（PP）的光学性质通过在研究中可获得的九种不同的山梨糖醇型澄清剂来修饰或在研究中合成。通过热力学模型计算估计了澄素物在PP中的溶解度。结果表明，这些添加剂在PP中的溶解度小，最多为1000ppm。溶解度由山梨糖醇的化学结构确定，后者的融合热将溶解度至少一种数量级变化。可以通过浮动 - Huggins格理论来估计溶解度。大多数山梨糖醇的形态在加热时在低于熔点的温度下变化。这种伴随着晶体完美的转化似乎影响了熔化和溶解度。在熔融山梨糖醇的冷却时形成纤维状结构，但原纤维的直径远大于聚合物熔体中形成的直径。澄清器的核性效果取决于溶解度，还取决于加工条件。核密度与溶解的澄清剂的量有关。在山梨糖醇和最小可实现的雾度之间的绒毛 - Huggins相互作用参数之间发现了紧密相关性，这可以通过溶解度和核密度的影响来解释。

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