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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of bacteriology >Autotransporters Drive Biofilm Formation and Autoaggregation in the Diderm Firmicute Veillonella parvula
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Autotransporters Drive Biofilm Formation and Autoaggregation in the Diderm Firmicute Veillonella parvula

机译：自动转运者在Diderm Framicute Veillonella parvula驾驶生物膜形成和自动聚类

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摘要

The Negativicutes are a clade of the Firmicutes that have retained the ancestral diderm character and possess an outer membrane. One of the best studied Negativicutes , Veillonella parvula, is an anaerobic commensal and opportunistic pathogen inhabiting complex human microbial communities, including the gut and the dental plaque microbiota. Whereas the adhesion and biofilm capacities of V. parvula are expected to be crucial for its maintenance and development in these environments, studies of V. parvula adhesion have been hindered by the lack of efficient genetic tools to perform functional analyses in this bacterium. Here, we took advantage of a recently described naturally transformable V. parvula isolate, SKV38, and adapted tools developed for the closely related Clostridia spp. to perform random transposon and targeted mutagenesis to identify V. parvula genes involved in biofilm formation. We show that type V secreted autotransporters, typically found in diderm bacteria, are the main determinants of V. parvula autoaggregation and biofilm formation and compete with each other for binding either to cells or to surfaces, with strong consequences for V. parvula biofilm formation capacity. The identified trimeric autotransporters have an original structure compared to classical autotransporters identified in Proteobacteria , with an additional C-terminal domain. We also show that inactivation of the gene coding for a poorly characterized metal-dependent phosphohydrolase HD domain protein conserved in the Firmicutes and their closely related diderm phyla inhibits autotransporter-mediated biofilm formation. This study paves the way for further molecular characterization of V. parvula interactions with other bacteria and the host within complex microbiota environments. IMPORTANCE Veillonella parvula is an anaerobic commensal and opportunistic pathogen whose ability to adhere to surfaces or other bacteria and form biofilms is critical for it to inhabit complex human microbial communities such as the gut and oral microbiota. Although the adhesive capacity of V. parvula has been previously described, very little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms due to a lack of genetically amenable Veillonella strains. In this study, we took advantage of a naturally transformable V. parvula isolate and newly adapted genetic tools to identify surface-exposed adhesins called autotransporters as the main molecular determinants of adhesion in this bacterium. This work therefore provides new insights on an important aspect of the V. parvula lifestyle, opening new possibilities for mechanistic studies of the contribution of biofilm formation to the biology of this major commensal of the oral-digestive tract.
机译：否定的是一种坚定的坚定的思想，已经保留了祖先的丁伯氏性格并且具有外膜。最佳学习的否定尼久性之一（Veillonella parvula）是一种厌氧共生和机会病原体，居住复杂的人类微生物群落，包括肠道和牙菌斑的微生物群。然而，V.Parvula的粘附和生物膜容量预计在这些环境中的维护和开发至关重要，缺乏有效的遗传工具在这种细菌中进行功能分析，对V.Parvula附着力的研究已经受到影响。在这里，我们利用最近描述的自然可变形的V.Parvula隔离，SKV38和为密切相关的Clostridia SPP开发的适用工具。进行随机转座子和靶向诱变，以鉴定参与生物膜形成的V. parvula基因。我们表明，通常在Diderm细菌中发现的V型分泌的自动转换器，是V.Parvula自体聚类和生物膜形成的主要决定因素，彼此竞争，用于将细胞或表面结合，具有对V.Parvula生物膜形成容量的强烈后果。 。与在植物中鉴定的常规的自耦体对比具有额外的C末端结构域相比，所识别的三聚体自耦体具有原始结构。我们还表明，编码在更良好的金属依赖性磷酸化酶HD结构域HD结构域蛋白质和密切相关的Diderm Phyla的基因编码的基因的失活抑制了自同种植体介导的生物膜形成。本研究铺平了与其他细菌的进一步分子表征V. parvula与宿主在复杂的微生物群环境中的相互作用。 Importance Veillonella parvula是一种厌氧的共生和机会理性病原体，其能力坚持表面或其他细菌，并且形成生物膜是居住的植物植物和口服微生物等植物的群体群体。尽管先前已经描述了V.Parvula的粘合剂容量，但由于缺乏遗传易用的Veillonella菌株而言，关于潜在的分子机制很少。在这项研究中，我们利用了一种天然可变性的V.Parvula孤立和新适应的遗传工具，以鉴定称为自输聚体的表面暴露的粘附素作为该细菌中粘附的主要分子决定因素。因此，这项工作提供了对V.Parvula生活方式的一个重要方面的新见解，开辟了生物膜形成贡献的新可能性，为口腔消化道的这种主要共生的生物学的贡献。

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