Quantifying primary and secondary humic-like substances in urban aerosol based on emission source characterization and a source-oriented air quality model

Li Xinghua; Han Junzan; Hopke Philip K.; Hu Jingnan; Shu Qi; Chang Qing; Ying Qi

摘要

Humic-like substances (HULIS) are a mixture of high-molecular-weight, water-soluble organic compounds that are widely distributed in atmospheric aerosol. Their sources are rarely studied quantitatively. Biomass burning is generally accepted as a major primary source of ambient humic-like substances (HULIS) with additional secondary material formed in the atmosphere. However, the present study provides direct evidence that residential coal burning is also a significant source of ambient HULIS, especially in the heating season in northern China based on source measurements, ambient sampling and analysis, and apportionment with source-oriented CMAQ modeling. Emission tests show that residential coal combustion produces 5% to 24% of the emitted organic carbon (OC) as HULIS carbon (HULISc). Estimation of primary emissions of HULIS in Beijing indicated that residential biofuel and coal burning contribute about 70% and 25% of annual primary HULIS, respectively. Vehicle exhaust, industry, and power plant contributions are negligible. The average concentration of ambient HULIS in PM2.5 was 7.5μgm?3 in urban Beijing and HULIS exhibited obvious seasonal variations with the highest concentrations in winter. HULISc accounts for 7.2% of PM2.5 mass, 24.5% of OC, and 59.5% of water-soluble organic carbon. HULIS are found to correlate well with K+, Cl?, sulfate, and secondary organic aerosol, suggesting its sources include biomass burning, coal combustion, and secondary aerosol formation. Source apportionment based on CMAQ modeling shows residential biofuel and coal burning and secondary formation are important sources of ambient HULIS, contributing 47.1%, 15.1%, and 38.9%, respectively.

机译：类似腐殖质的物质（Hulis）是高分子量水溶性有机化合物的混合物，其广泛分布在大气气溶胶中。它们的来源很少定量研究。生物量燃烧通常被认为是环境腐殖质样物质（Hulis）的主要主要来源，其具有在大气中形成的另外的二级材料。然而，本研究提供了直接证据，即住宅煤炭燃烧也是环境漏洞的重要来源，特别是在中国北方的加热季节，基于源测量，环境采样和分析，以及与源导向的CMAQ建模分配。排放试验表明，住宅煤炭燃烧产生5％至24％的发射有机碳（OC）作为Hulis Carbon（Hulisc）。北京霍利斯初级排放的估计表明，住宅生物燃料和煤炭燃烧的贡献分别为70％和25％的年度初级漏洞。车辆排气，工业和发电厂贡献可忽略不计。 PM2.5中的环境Hulis的平均浓度为7.5μgm？3在城市北京，霍利斯在冬季呈现出最高浓度的季节性变化。 Hulisc占PM2.5质量的7.2％，24.5％的OC，59.5％的水溶性有机碳。发现Hulis与K +，Cl-，硫酸盐和二次有机气溶胶相关，表明其来源包括生物质燃烧，煤燃烧和二次气溶胶形成。基于CMAQ建模的源分配显示，住宅生物燃料和煤炭燃烧和二级地层是环境漏洞的重要来源，分别占47.1％，15.1％和38.9％。

Quantifying primary and secondary humic-like substances in urban aerosol based on emission source characterization and a source-oriented air quality model

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