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>Diurnal variations of ambient particulate wood burning emissions and their contribution to the concentration of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Seiffen, Germany
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Diurnal variations of ambient particulate wood burning emissions and their contribution to the concentration of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Seiffen, Germany
Residential wood burning is becoming an increasingly important cause of air quality problems since it has become a popular source of alternative energy to fossil fuel. In order to characterize the contribution of residential wood burning to local particle pollution, a field campaign was organized at the village of Seiffen (Saxony, Germany). During this campaign, an Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS) was deployed in parallel to a PM1 high volume filter sampler. The AMS mass spectra were analyzed using Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) to obtain detailed information about the organic aerosol (OA). Biomass-burning organic aerosol (BBOA), Hydrocarbon-like organic aerosol (HOA), and Oxygenated Organic Aerosol (OOA) were identified and represented 20%, 17% and 62% of total OA, respectively. Additionally, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) were measured by the AMS with an average concentration of 10 ng m?3 and short term events of extremely high PAH concentration (up to 500 ng m?3) compared to the mean PAH value were observed during the whole measurement period. A comparison with the results from PM1 filter samples showed that the BBOA factor and the AMS PAH are good indicators of the total concentration of the different monosaccharide anhydrides and PAH measured on the filter samples. Based on its low correlation with CO and the low car traffic, the HOA factor was considered to be related to residential heating using liquid fuel. An influence of the time of the week (week vs. weekend) on the diurnal profiles of the different OA components was observed. The weekdays were characterized by two maxima; a first one early in the morning and a stronger one in the evening. During the weekend days, the different OA components principally reached only one maximum in the afternoon. Finally, the PAH emitted directly from residential wood combustion was estimated to represent 1.5% of the total mass of the BBOA factor and around 62% of the total PAH concentration measured at Seiffen. This result highlights the important contribution of residential wood combustion to air quality and PAH emissions at the sampling place, which might have a significant impact on human health. Moreover, it also emphasizes the need for a better time resolution of the chemical characterization of toxic particulate compounds in order to provide more information on variations of the different sources through the days as well as to better estimate the real human exposure.
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机译：住宅木材燃烧正在成为空气质量问题的越来越重要的原因，因为它已成为化石燃料的流行替代能源来源。为了表征住宅木材燃烧到当地粒子污染的贡献，在Seiffen（德国萨克森州）村组织了一个野外活动。在此活动期间，气溶胶质谱仪（AMS）并行地部署到PM1大容量滤波器采样器。使用阳性基质分子（PMF）分析AMS质谱，得到有关有机气溶胶（OA）的详细信息。鉴定生物质燃烧的有机气溶胶（BboA），烃类有机气溶胶（HOA）和含氧有机气溶胶（OOA），分别表示20％，17％和62％的OA。另外，通过在观察到期间，由AMS通过平均浓度为10ng m 2的水平浓度为10ng m 2的浓度为10ng浓度（高达500ng m 3）的短期事件（高达500ngm≤3）。整个测量期。与PM1过滤器样品的结果进行比较表明，BboA因子和AMS PAH是不同单糖酸酐的总浓度的良好指标，并在过滤器样品上测量的PAH。基于其与CO和低汽车流量的低相关性，HOA因子被认为与使用液体燃料的住宅加热有关。观察到一周时间（周对周末）对不同OA组分的昼夜谱的影响。工作日的特点是两个最大值;早上的第一个，晚上一个更强大的一个。在周末日期，不同的OA组件在下午仅达到一个最多。最后，估计直接从居住木燃烧发出的PAH，占BBOA因子总质量的1.5％，占SEIFFEN在SEIFFEN测量的总PAH浓度的62％。这一结果突出了住宅木材燃烧对空气质量和PAH排放的重要贡献，这可能对人类健康产生重大影响。此外，它还强调需要更好的时间解决有毒颗粒化合物的化学表征，以便通过日期提供更多关于不同来源的变化的信息以及更好地估计真正的人体暴露。
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