When learning the phonological categories of a second language (L2), learners have to deal with phonetic variation. For instance, allophonic variant forms have to be recognized as the same phoneme. A minimal pair identification task was used to assess how late Spanish learners of German perceive the phonological /r/-/h/ contrast. German /r/ was realized as one of three allophones ([r], [?], [?]) that vary in phonetic similarity to /h/ as well as to the typical phonetic form of Spanish /r/ (i.e., [r]). Results showed that learners were very good at identifying all German variant forms (90% correct). However, [?], which is phonetically closest to German /h/ and furthest from Spanish /r/, was identified significantly worse than [r] and [?]. Relating these results to a cross-language perception task where learners were asked to map the German allophones of /r/ and the phoneme /h/ to different L1 phonological categories further showed that those learners were best at identifying words with [?] who consistently matched it to a single L1 category. Surprisingly this category did not always have to be the phonologically matching Spanish [r]. We conclude that phonological and phonetic relations between the learners' L1 and L2 are important in identifying allophones of the same L2 category.
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机译：在学习第二语言的语音类别（L2）时，学习者必须处理语音变异。例如，Allophonic变体形式必须被识别为相同的音素。最小的对识别任务用于评估西班牙语学习者的晚期德语学习者如何感知语音/ r / - / h /对比度。德语/ r /被实现为三种血换（[r]，[Δ]，[Δ]）中的一种，与/ h / h / h / h / h / h / h / spanish / r /（即，[）的典型语音形式r]）。结果表明，学习者在识别所有德国变体形式（> 90％正确）非常友好。然而，[？]，它是最接近德语/ h / r的语音/ r /，从西班牙语/ r /最远的是，鉴定得比[r]和[〜]鉴定出来。将这些结果与学习者被要求映射/ r / r / h / h / h / to不同的l1语音类别的跨语言感知任务进一步表明，这些学习者最好识别与[？]持续的单词将其与单个L1类别匹配。令人惊讶的是，这个类别并不总是必须成为语音匹配的西班牙语[r]。我们得出结论，学习者L1和L2之间的语音和语音关系对于识别相同L2类别的杂志很重要。
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