In general, the main compositions of porcelain and bone china composed of 54-65%wt silica (SiO 2 ), 23-34% wt alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) and 0.2-0.7%wt calcium oxide (CaO) suitable for preparation high quality ceramic products such as soft-hard porcelain products for teeth and bones, bioceramics, IC substrate and magneto-optoelectroceramics. The quality of ceramic hand mold is depended on raw material and its properties (pH, ionic strength, solid-liquid surface tension, particle size distribution, specific surface area, porosity, density, microstructure, weight ratio between solid and water, drying time, and firing temperatures). The suitable firing conditions for porcelain and bone china hand-mold preparation were firing at 1270°C for 10 h which resulted in superior working molds for making latex films from natural and synthetic rubber. The obtained fired porcelain hand molds at 1270°C for 10 h provided good chemical durability (10%NaOH, 5%HCl and 10%wtNaCl), low thermal expansion coefficient (5.8570 × 10 ?6 (°C ?1 )), good compressive (179.40 MPa) and good flexural strength (86 MPa). While thermal expansion coefficient, compressive and flexural strength of obtained fired bone china hand molds are equal to 6.9230 × 10 ?6 (°C ?1 ), 128.40 and 73.70 MPa, respectively, good acid-base-salt resistance, a smooth mold surface, and easy hand mold fabrication. Both obtained porcelain and bone china hand molds are a low production cost, making them suitable for natural and synthetic rubber latex glove formation.
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机译：一般来说，瓷和骨质的主要组成由54-65％wt二氧化硅（SiO 2），23-34％wt氧化铝（Al 2 O 3）和0.2-0.7％wt氧化钙（CaO）组成，适用于制备高品质陶瓷产品，如软硬瓷器产品，用于牙齿和骨骼，生物陶瓷，IC基板和磁光电线。陶瓷手模具的质量依赖于原料及其性质（pH，离子强度，固液表面张力，粒度分布，比表面积，孔隙率，密度，微观结构，固体和水之间的重量比，干燥时间，和发射温度）。瓷器和骨电制剂的合适烧制条件在1270℃下烧制10小时，导致优异的工作模具，用于制备自然和合成橡胶的乳胶膜。在1270℃下获得的燃烧瓷手模具10小时提供良好的化学耐久性（10％NaOH，5％HCl和10％WTNACL），低热膨胀系数（5.8570×10？6（°C？1）），好压缩（179.40MPa）和良好的弯曲强度（86MPa）。虽然获得的燃烧骨瓷膨胀系数，压缩和弯曲强度中国手工模具等于6.9230×10？6（°C？1），128.40和73.70MPa，良好的酸碱 - 耐盐性，光滑的模具表面，易于手工制作。瓷器和骨瓷模具都是较低的生产成本，使其适用于天然和合成橡胶乳胶手套形成。
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