CARACTERíSTICAS PLUVIOMéTRICAS DETERMINANTES NO TRANSPORTE DE SEDIMENTOS EM MICROBACIA COM VEGETA??O RALEADA NO SEMIáRIDO TROPICAL

SOUSA MARCOS MAKEISON MOREIRA DE; PALáCIO HELBA ARAúJO DE QUEIROZ; ANDRADE EUNICE MAIA DE; RIBEIRO FILHO JACQUES CARVALHO; MOURA MATHEUS MAGALH?ES SILVA

摘要

Knowing determinant factors of erosive process is essential to adopt soil conservationist and loss-mitigation measures. Therefore, the objective of this work was to assess the correlation between rainfall characteristics and sediment transport in the Semiarid region of Brazil. The study was conducted at the Iguatu Experimental Basin in the state of Ceará, Brazil, in a watershed with area of 1.15 ha. The vegetation was thinned by removal of plants with diameters below 10 cm, and the area remained with an arboreous cover of 60%. The following variables were evaluated from 2012 to 2016: rainfall depth (mm), rainfall duration (hours), maximum rainfall intensity in 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45, and 60 minutes (mm h-1), mean rainfall intensity (mm h-1), rainfall depth in the previous 5 days (mm), runoff depth (mm), and transported sediment (kg ha-1). The records showed 158 rainfall events, 27 with surface runoff and 24 with sediment transport. The correlations were investigated by multivariate analysis of principal components (PC). The model explained 84% of total variance with four PC-PC1, PC2, PC3, and PC4 were formed, respectively, for disaggregating power of rainfall on soil particles, represented by the rainfall intensities; soil water content; runoff depth and sediment transport; and rainfall duration and interval between rainfalls. The highest factorial weight was found for the maximum intensity in 20 minutes, indicating the need for further hydrological studies focused on this variable at basin scale in areas of the Semiarid region of Brazil subjected to thinning of the vegetation.

机译：了解侵蚀过程的决定因素对于采用土壤保护家和丧失缓解措施至关重要。因此，这项工作的目的是评估巴西半干旱区降雨特征和沉积物之间的相关性。该研究在巴西Ceará，巴西Ceará的Iguatu实验盆地进行了一个面积1.15公顷的流域。通过除去10厘米以下的直径的植物造成植被，并且该区域仍然具有60％的常规盖。从2012年到2016年评估了以下变量：降雨量深度（mm），降雨持续时间（小时），5,10,15,20,30,45和60分钟（mm H-1），平均降雨强度（MM H-1），过去5天（mm），径流深度（mm）和运输沉积物（kg ha-1）中的降雨深度。记录显示了158场降雨事件，27例，表面径流和24个带沉积物。通过对主成分（PC）的多变量分析来研究相关性。该模型分别解释了84％的总方差，分别形成了四个PC-PC1，PC2，PC3，PC4，用于在土壤颗粒上分解降雨量的降雨量，由降雨强度表示;土壤含水量;径流深度和沉积物运输;降雨持续时间和降雨之间的间隔。在20分钟内发现最高强度的最高因素，表明需要进一步的水文研究，其在巴西半干旱地区的盆地处于盆地的盆地处于盆地的这种变量。

CARACTERíSTICAS PLUVIOMéTRICAS DETERMINANTES NO TRANSPORTE DE SEDIMENTOS EM MICROBACIA COM VEGETA??O RALEADA NO SEMIáRIDO TROPICAL

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