Aims: Meta-analyses have suggested a dose-response relationship between level of alcohol use and risk of prostate cancer, but the populations in the included studies are predominantly Caucasian. Many Chinese language studies have not been included in published reviews and/or meta-analyses. The present meta–analysis accessed research reports in both English and Chinese language sources in order to investigate this relationship specifically among Chinese people. Methods: Searches in five large Chinese biomedical bibliographic databases were made for case–control and cohort studies of alcohol consumption and prostate cancer incidence and death (ICD–10: C61) up to May 2017. Studies were coded for design, outcome, drinker and non-drinkers, extent of control for confounding and other study characteristics. Mixed models were used to estimate relative risk (RR) of incidence or death from prostate cancer due to alcohol consumption with study level controls for designs, drinker bias and types of drinkers. Findings: A total of 415 studies were identified of which 25 (20 in Chinese from five Chinese databases and 5 in English from published meta-analyses) satisfied inclusion criteria providing 36 risk estimates of prostate cancer for drinkers versus non-drinkers. There was a total of 36 OR estimates; 27 using patients as controls and 9 using healthy people. Nine studies (14 OR estimates) specified reference abstainers as “never drank” or “no drinking”. Adjusted RR estimates indicated a significantly increased risk of prostate cancer among drinkers (RR=1.46, 95% CI: 1.40 – 1.52, t-test P0.001) compared to non-drinkers. Dose-response relationships (t-test P0.001) were evident in three studies that assessed level of alcohol intake. Conclusions: There is a significantly higher risk of prostate cancer incidence among Chinese drinkers than non-drinkers, with some evidence of a dose-response relationship. However, almost all the identified studies suffered from former and/or occasional drinker biases. Few studies had adequate measures of level of alcohol intake and further well-designed studies are required.
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机译：目的：荟萃分析表明酒精使用程度与前列腺癌风险之间的剂量 - 反应关系，但包括的研究中的群体主要是白种人。许多汉语学习尚未列入已发布的评论和/或荟萃分析中。目前的META分析访问了英文和中文来源的研究报告，以便在中国人民中调查这种关系。方法：在2017年5月的含酒精和前列腺癌症发病率和死亡（ICD-10：C61）的案例控制和队列研究中搜索五大中国生物医学书目数据库。研究，编码设计，结果，饮酒者和非饮酒者，对混淆和其他研究特征的控制程度。由于饮酒，饮酒液和饮酒者类型的学习水平控制，混合模型用于估计前列腺癌的发生率或死亡的发生率或死亡的相对风险（RR）。调查结果：鉴定了415项研究，其中415项研究，其中25名（来自中国五位的中国数据库中有20名，来自出版的荟萃分析中的5名中文），满足纳入标准为饮酒者与非饮酒者提供了36种风险估算。共有36个或估计; 27使用患者作为对照和9种使用健康的人。九项研究（14或估计）指定的参考禁止者是“永不喝酒”或“不饮酒”。调整后的RR估计表明，与非饮酒者相比，饮酒者（RR = 1.46,95％CI：1.40-1.52，T-Test P <0.001）的前列腺癌的风险显着增加。在评估酒精摄入量水平的三项研究中，剂量 - 反应关系（T-Test P <0.001）是显而易见的。结论：中国饮酒者中的前列腺癌发病率的风险显着高于非饮酒者，有一些剂量 - 反应关系。然而，几乎所有已识别的研究都遭受了前者和/或偶尔的饮酒者偏见。很少有研究有足够的酒精摄入量措施，并且需要进一步设计的研究。
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