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>The Imperial Policies in Land Reform and the Conditions of Peasants in Highland Gimbi, Western Wallaga, Ethiopia (1941-974): Historical Perspective
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The Imperial Policies in Land Reform and the Conditions of Peasants in Highland Gimbi, Western Wallaga, Ethiopia (1941-974): Historical Perspective
Land has been an economic and political basis in the history of Ethiopia.The feudal governments since the time of Minilik II measured, confiscated and redistributed land to those politically important individuals. The objective of this study is to assess the imperial policies in land reform and the conditions of peasants in highland Gimbi, Western Wallaga from 1941 to 1974. This study has used both primary and secondary sources to examine the imperial government land reform and the conditions of peasants in highland Gimbi from 1941 to 1974. Archival sources from Wolde-Mesqal Archival center at the Institute of Ethiopian Studies, Addis Ababa University, and oral sources [1] collected through in-depth interview are extremely important in this regard. Under the imperial government in post-liberation period, land reform and its grants to officials and others concentrated land in few hands whereas the number of the landless peasants highly increased. Even though, the 1952 imperial order theoretically enabled the landless farmers to get half gasha of land, in Gimbi no grant was made to the landless peasants. Land privatization was aggravated under the restored government. Above all, with the intensification of coffee cultivation, in highland Gimbi the price of land was exacerbated to the extent that only the well-to-do class members were able to buy land at the expense of the majority of the peasants. Overall, the study of the imperial policies in land reform and its impacts on the population at the grassroot level enable us to have a better historical perspective towards land tenure system and the peasants whose livelihood directly tied to it.
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机译：土地已成为埃塞俄比亚历史的经济和政治基础。封建政府自明米尔二世的时间以来，被衡量，没收和重新分配到政治上重要人物的土地。本研究的目的是评估1941年至1974年的Wallaga Western Wallaga Western Wimbi Highlan Gimbi的土地改革和农民状况的宗教政策。本研究使用了主要和二级来源来审查帝国政府土地改革和条件1941年至1974年，高地Gimbi的农民从埃塞俄比亚学会，亚的斯亚贝巴大学的Wolde-Mesqal Archival中心档案，通过深入采访收集的口头源[1]在这方面非常重要。在解放后时期的帝国政府下，土地改革及其对官员和其他人集中在几只手中的土地，而土地农民的数量高度增加。尽管如此，1952年帝国秩序理论上使土着农民获得半格萨拉的土地，在Gimbi没有拨款是对无土地农民的补助金。在恢复的政府下，土地私有化加剧了。最重要的是，随着咖啡栽培的强化，在高地吉布地区，土地价格加剧了只有福祉班成员能够以牺牲大多数农民购买土地。总体而言，对土地改革的帝国政策研究及其对基层人口的影响使我们能够为土地权限制度和生计直接绑定的农民拥有更好的历史视角。
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