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>The disposition of building evacuation sites and war‐damage reconstruction in Sendai The projects and the relationships among public entities for the conversion of evacuation sites into urban planning sites
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The disposition of building evacuation sites and war‐damage reconstruction in Sendai The projects and the relationships among public entities for the conversion of evacuation sites into urban planning sites
The purpose of this paper is to clarify the state of the disposition of building evacuation sites in Sendai, including the processes and background, whilst considering the project environment surrounding the disposition in central ministries and Sendai. The Home Ministry, which had been responsible for building evacuation during the wartime period, consistently promoted the conversion of evacuation sites into urban planning sites immediately following the end of World War II. The Ministry of Transport and the War‐Damage Reconstruction Institute also planned to convert evacuation sites into urban planning sites and railway land. Therefore, in Sendai, there were plans to convert two evacuation sites into streets. However, due to differences in the project environment surrounding the disposition of evacuation sites; such as the number of evacuated houses, required expenses, regional characteristics, and differences in project characteristics; only one street was completed. Considering the influence of pre‐war urban planning on building evacuation, and thus war‐damage reconstruction: three streets coincided with preceding pre‐war plans, and the pre‐war urban planning street was taken over in a manner consistent with war‐damage reconstruction through building evacuation. During WWII, building evacuation, which was the destruction of houses to prevent fire from an air‐raid, had a major influence on the urban spaces of wartime Japan. In addition, the building evacuation sites were converted into urban planning sites during war‐damage reconstruction, becoming wide streets and leaving traces of the evacuation sites in present‐day urban spaces. In order to understand the entire conversion planning, this paper clarifies the state of the disposition of building evacuation sites in Sendai, including the processes and background, whilst considering the project environment surrounding the disposition in central ministries and Sendai.
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