A field study on the aerodynamics of freight trains to determine the aerodynamic efficiency of shipping containers loaded on intermodal freight trains, a novel full-scale field test was performed. In the sense of surface pressure, weather stations, and GPS data sets, the aerodynamic efficiency of an instrumented 48 ft container located 185 m downstream of the locomotive is evaluated. There have been previous research on train aerodynamics. Previous research on train aerodynamics has largely been limited to low-resolution, reduced-order, and scaled field, numerical, and wind-tunnel studies. The goal of this study was to see how well this new field-based approach could determine the aerodynamic efficiency of full-scale train containers under a variety of conditions. The calculated surface pressure distributions on the front and base of the container are close to those of previous work in low wind conditions where the yaw angle is expected to be low, but the magnitude of the drag coefficient was much lower, by up to 65 percent. This indicates that previous research hasn't gone into enough detail about the drag profile of containers located far downstream. A new propeller called Boxprop, with blade tips joined in pairs, is planned and optimised for a conceptual electric aircraft using an effective framework for optimization. The Boxprop with optimum efficiency is down-selected from the Pareto front of thrust coefficient and propeller efficiency in accordance with the thrust requirement of the electric aircraft at cruise. Subsequently, the aeroacoustic analysis performed by the Reynolds-Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) hybrid integral system and the Williams and Hawkings (FW-H) convected Ffowcs (FWH) equation shows that the tonal noise from the Boxprop with three joined cruise blades is similar to a traditional three-bladed propeller, but greater than a conventional six-bladed propeller.
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