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首页> 外文期刊>Frontiers in Psychology >Levels and Norm-Development: A Phenomenological Approach to Enactive-Ecological Norms of Action and Perception
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Levels and Norm-Development: A Phenomenological Approach to Enactive-Ecological Norms of Action and Perception

机译：水平与规范开发：一种生态行动和感知规范的现象学方法

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The enactive approach and the skilled intentionality framework are two closely related forms of radical embodied cognition that nonetheless exhibit important differences. In this paper, I focus on a conceptual disparity regarding the normative character of action and perception. Whereas the skilled intentionality framework describes the norms of action and perception as the capacity of embodied agents to become attuned (i.e., skilled intentionality) to preestablished normative frameworks (i.e., situated normativity), the enactive approach describes the same phenomenon as the enactment of norms (i.e., as sense-making) at different levels of organization that go from individual biological agents to linguistic encounters. I will argue that although both accounts accurately recognize important features of the norms of action and perception, they also have significant shortcomings. Norm-attunement accurately sees normative, ecological frameworks as the necessary set of constraints for the existence of norms at play in sociocultural bodily practices, but it fails to acknowledge the temporal and open-ended character of these norms and frameworks. Norm-enactment, by contrast, acknowledges that norms of action and perception are temporally open-ended, but fails to explicitly recognize that environmental normative frameworks are necessary for the enactment and development of all sort of norms in the interactional domain of an agent-environment system. To overcome these problems, I propose an enactive-ecological approach to norms of action and perception. This approach consists in describing norm-enactment as a result of a developmental process I call norm-development. This process describes the enactment of norms from the background of ecological, normative frameworks. These frameworks are norms enacted in the past of the interactional history of the agent-environment system that remain open to new configurations (new norms) in the present. To clarify conceptually norm-development, I appeal to Merleau-Ponty’s descriptions of norms of perception, and more particularly to his concept of spatial levels. Like the enactive approach, Merleau-Ponty recognizes that perceptual norms emerge in the interactional history of the agent-environment system, but he also posits that ecological, normative frameworks, that he calls levels, enable and constrain the emergence of perceptual norms and its development.
机译：积累的方法和技术人员的意向框架是两个密切相关的自由基体现认知，仍然表现出重要的差异。在本文中，我专注于关于行动和感知的规范性特征的概念差异。虽然技术人员的意图框架描述了作为所体现的代理人（即熟练的有意性）以预先建立的规范性框架（即，位于规范性），所以实施方法的行动和感知的规范描述了与规范的制定相同的现象（即，作为感觉制作）在不同级别的组织中，从个人生物代理到语言遭遇。我会争辩说，尽管两个人都准确地认识到行动和感知规范的重要特征，但它们也具有重要的缺点。准则，准确地看到规范，生态框架，作为在社会文化身体实践中扮演的规范存在的必要约束的必要限制，但它未能承认这些规范和框架的时间和开放的特征。相比之下，规范，承认行动和感知的规范是在时间上开放的，但未能明确认识到，在代理环境的互动域中的各种规范中所必需的环境规范框架是必要的系统。为了克服这些问题，我提出了一种生态的行动和感知规范方法。此方法包括由于我呼叫标准开发的发展过程而描述了标准制定。该过程描述了生态，规范框架背景的规范。这些框架是在过去对当前配置（新规范）开放的代理环境系统的互动历史中颁布的规范。为了澄清概念上的规范 - 发展，我呼吁Merleau-Ponty对感知规范的描述，更具体地对他的空间层面的概念。像积累的方法一样，Merleau-Ponty认识到感知规范在代理环境系统的互动历史中出现，但他也讨论了生态，规范框架，他称之为级别，使能源和制约感知规范的出现及其发展。 。

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