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首页> 外文期刊>Frontiers in Psychology >Effortful Processing Reduces the Attraction Effect in Multi-Alternative Decision Making: An Electrophysiological Study Using a Task-Irrelevant Probe Technique
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Effortful Processing Reduces the Attraction Effect in Multi-Alternative Decision Making: An Electrophysiological Study Using a Task-Irrelevant Probe Technique

机译：努力处理减少了多替代决策中的吸引力：使用任务 - 无关探针技术进行电生理学研究

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The attraction effect in multi-alternative decision making reflects the context-dependent violation of axioms that are considered fundamental to rational choice. This effect is believed to depend on relatively effortless and intuitive processing (System 1) rather than on effortful and elaborative processing (System 2). To investigate the relationship between cognitive resources and the attraction effect in detail, we used a task-irrelevant probe technique, wherein task-irrelevant auditory probes were presented while participants viewed each alternative in a decision-making task, and measured the electroencephalographic responses to the probes. Thirty participants solved 48 hypothetical purchase problems with three alternatives that differed in terms of two attributes. We found that, in the second epoch of the experimental trials (possibly corresponding to the evaluation and comparison stage), the mean N1 amplitudes of the event-related potentials elicited by the auditory probes were significantly smaller when participants chose the competitor (i.e., trials in which no attraction effect occurred) than when participants chose the target (i.e., trials in which an attraction effect may have occurred). This result suggests that the allocation of more cognitive resources to the alternatives disrupts the attraction effect. This finding supports the assumption that intuitive comparisons among alternatives executed by System 1 are critical for the occurrence of the attraction effect.
机译：多替代决策中的吸引力反映了所谓的理性选择基本的公理的上下文依赖性。认为这种效果依赖于相对艰苦和直观的处理（系统1），而不是在努力和精细的处理（系统2）上。为了调查认知资源与吸引效果之间的关系，我们使用了任务 - 无关的探针技术，其中提出了任务 - 无关的听觉探针，而参与者在决策任务中观察每个替代方案，并测量了对其的脑电图响应探针。三十名参与者解决了48个假设的购买问题，其中三个替代方案与两个属性不同。我们发现，在实验试验的第二时代（可能对应于评估和比较阶段），当参与者选择竞争对手时（即试验），听觉探针引发的事件相关电位的平均N1幅度明显更小。其中没有发生任何吸引力，而参与者选择目标（即可能发生吸引力效果的试验）。这一结果表明，对替代方案的更多认知资源的分配扰乱了吸引力。该发现支持假设系统1执行的替代方案中的直观比较对于发生吸引效果至关重要。

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