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Spatiotemporal Evolution and Complexity of Urban Networks in China, 1978–2019: An Enterprise Linkages Perspective

机译：1978 - 2019年中国城市网络的时空演变与复杂性：企业联系观点

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With the development of globalization and informatization, the relationships among cities have become closer, and a “network” paradigm in urban studies is gaining attention. To examine China’s urban network evolution in a long time series, we used flow-based data to measure enterprise linkages from 1978 to 2019. We investigated the spatiotemporal evolution and complexity characteristics of urban networks in China and arrived at the following conclusions. (1) Intercity enterprise linkages in China have been continuously strengthened. The scale and density of urban networks have increased rapidly. Although the distribution of node cities’ importance and influence has been significantly unbalanced, the degree of which has lessened over time. (2) Network density has significantly improved since 1978, gradually forming a monocentric (Beijing) radial pattern. From the beginning of the twenty-first century, the status of core nodes (e.g., Shanghai) has gradually become prominent. Finally, four vertices stood out in 2019, forming a stable diamond structure. The spatial connection flows of enterprises constituted the core networks with Beijing as the center, skeleton networks with trunk lines formed by subnodes, and regional networks covering a wide range of peripheral areas. (3) China’s urban networks were typically small-scale and scale-free. However, the scale-free characteristics were weakened after 2010. The overall scale gap of intercity enterprise linkages gradually narrowed, and the structure of urban networks became optimized. Meanwhile, the urban networks were heterogeneous. There were more cities with headquarter-branches and active investment behaviors, which had strong influence and control over networks, playing their functions of “broker” and “transfer.”.
机译：随着全球化和信息化的发展，城市之间的关系变得更加接近，城市研究中的“网络”范式正在崛起。要在长期序列中检查中国的城市网络演变，我们使用基于流动的数据来衡量1978年至2019年的企业联系。我们调查了中国城市网络的时空演变和复杂性特征，并达到了以下结论。 （1）中国的城市企业联系被不断加强。城市网络的规模和密度迅速增加。虽然节点城市的重要性和影响的分布显着不平衡，但随着时间的推移，它的程度已经减少。 （2）自1978年以来，网络密度显着提高，逐渐形成单眼（北京）径向模式。从二十一世纪初开始，核心节点（例如，上海）的地位逐渐变得突出。最后，2019年四个顶点突出，形成稳定的金刚石结构。企业的空间连接流量构成了北京作为中心的核心网络，具有由子节点形成的中继线的骨架网络，以及覆盖各种外围区域的区域网络。 （3）中国城市网络通常是小规模和无规模的。然而，2010年之后无垢特征削弱。城市企业联系的总规模差距逐渐缩小，城市网络结构变得优化。与此同时，城市网络是异质的。有更多的城市，总部分支机构和积极的投资行为，对网络有很大的影响和控制，扮演其“经纪人”和“转移”的功能。

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